Cytokine profile in multiple myeloma

Jasrotia, Shivali; Gupta, Ritu; Sharma, Atul; Halder, Ashutosh; Kumar, Lalit

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155271

Cited by 36 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, the activity of CAM-DR might be overcome by bortezomib inhibiting VLA-4. 12 Interleukin 6 (IL6), as the main cytokine of MM growth, suppresses CD38 expression during the course of disease in relapsed/refractory MM patients, leading to the resistance to daratumumab [35].…”

Section: Monoclonal Antibodies (Moabs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activity of anti CD38 and SLAMF-7 MoAbs is expressed in accordance with the extent of expression of CD38 and CD319 (SLAMF-7) antigens on MM cells, independently of the stage of differentiation [32][33][34]. However, during the progression of the disease, increased IL-6 suppresses CD38 expression, consequently leading to the possible lack of efficacy of anti-CD38 MoAbs, implicating preferable application in the early phase of the disease [35]. Based on these various, still complementing and synergistic pharmacological effects, different combinations of PIs with IMiDs and steroids, represent the backbone of myeloma treatment with the addition of new drugs.…”

Section: Treatment Implications In the Current Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay and Current Clinical Practice in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of the Balkan Myeloma Study Group

Bila

Katodritou

Guenova

et al. 2021

JCM

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The course of multiple myeloma (MM) is influenced by a variety of factors, including the specificity of the tumour microenvironment (TME). The aim of this review is to provide insight into the interplay of treatment modalities used in the current clinical practice and TME. Bortezomib-based triplets are the standard for MM first-line treatment. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor (PI) which inhibits the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. However, bortezomib is decreasing the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 as well, possibly leading to the escape of extramedullary disease. Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), lenalidomide, and pomalidomide downregulate regulatory T cells (Tregs). Daratumumab, anti-cluster of differentiation 38 (anti-CD38) monoclonal antibody (MoAb), downregulates Tregs CD38+. Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclasts and angiogenesis. Sustained suppression of bone resorption characterises the activity of MoAb denosumab. The plerixafor, used in the process of stem cell mobilisation and harvesting, block the interaction of chemokine receptors CXCR4-CXCL12, leading to disruption of MM cells’ interaction with the TME, and mobilisation into the circulation. The introduction of several T-cell-based immunotherapeutic modalities, such as chimeric-antigen-receptor-transduced T cells (CAR T cells) and bispecific antibodies, represents a new perspective in MM treatment affecting TME immune evasion. The optimal treatment approach to MM patients should be adjusted to all aspects of the individual profile including the TME niche.

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Section: Monoclonal Antibodies (Moabs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Implications In the Current Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay and Current Clinical Practice in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of the Balkan Myeloma Study Group

Bila

Katodritou

Guenova

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Similar to lymphomas and leukemias, patients with MM have an infiltration of tryptase positive MCs in their BM, associated with increased neovascularization and angiogenesis (22). Cytokines such as IL-6, VEGF, TNF-a, B cell activating factor, and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand are elevated in MM (28). IL-6 is required for the survival and proliferation of normal immature B cells in the BM, and it has been identified as the key growth and survival factor for myeloma cells (28).…”

Section: The Role Of Mast Cells In Myelomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytokines such as IL-6, VEGF, TNF-a, B cell activating factor, and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand are elevated in MM (28). IL-6 is required for the survival and proliferation of normal immature B cells in the BM, and it has been identified as the key growth and survival factor for myeloma cells (28). Raised IL-6 levels can be caused by both myeloma precursor cells and the presence of MCs (23,29).…”

Section: The Role Of Mast Cells In Myelomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Steering Mast Cells or Their Mediators as a Prospective Novel Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies

Mehtani

Puri

2021

Front. Oncol.

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Tumor cells require signaling and close interaction with their microenvironment for their survival and proliferation. In the recent years, Mast cells have earned a greater importance for their presence and role in cancers. It is known that mast cells are attracted towards tumor microenvironment by secreted soluble chemotactic factors. Mast cells seem to exert a pro-tumorigenic role in hematological malignancies with a few exceptions where they showed anti-cancerous role. This dual role of mast cells in tumor growth and survival may be dependent on the intrinsic characteristics of the particular tumor, differences in tumor microenvironment according to tumor type, and the interactions and heterogeneity of mediators released by mast cells in the tumor microenvironment. In many studies, Mast cells and their mediators have been shown to affect tumor survival and growth, prognosis, inflammation, tumor vascularization and angiogenesis. Modulating mast cell accumulation, viability, activity and mediator release patterns may thus be important in controlling these malignancies. In this review, we emphasize on the role of mast cells in lymphoid malignancies and discuss strategies for targeting and steering mast cells or their mediators as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of these malignancies.

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“…Numerous studies have been performed focusing on the exploration of serum cytokine levels in patients diagnosed with MM, and have found that their high serum levels are correlated with aggressive or symptomatic disease (16). Other studies have identified prognostic factors such as genetic or epigenetic abnormalities, and anomalies of the immune system that could predict the evolution of patients with myeloma.…”

Section: Cytokine Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern markers for evaluating bone disease in multiple myeloma (Review)

et al. 2021

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Multiple myeloma (MM) is a bone marrow neoplasia with increasing incidence compared to previous years. Although new therapeutic molecules have been introduced, it remains an incurable disease with severe repercussions to patients. For many patients, bone disease represents a severe problem often causing pain, pathological bone fractures, and spinal cord compression, which affects the quality of life. This article analyzes the main markers of bone destruction in MM as well as risk factors for severe bone damage. Bone complications have a negative impact on the quality of life of patients with MM, along with other associated complications (renal failure, hypogammaglobulinemia, osteolytic bone disease, hypercalcemia, anemia). The markers of bone destruction described in this article include: interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), amino-and carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX, CTX), human bone sialoprotein (BSP) and dickkopf-1 secreted glycoprotein (DKK1). The future practical applicability of this literature review would be the large-scale determination of markers of bone destruction that correlate with the negative evolution to complications of bone disease or the implications that these markers have in regards to treatment.

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Cytokine profile in multiple myeloma

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay and Current Clinical Practice in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of the Balkan Myeloma Study Group

Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay and Current Clinical Practice in Multiple Myeloma: A Review of the Balkan Myeloma Study Group

Steering Mast Cells or Their Mediators as a Prospective Novel Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies

Modern markers for evaluating bone disease in multiple myeloma (Review)

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