Cytokines (IL 1beta and IL 6) Responses in Non-Pregnant Does Infected with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Following Intradermal Route of Infection in Chronic State

Abstract

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) which commonly affects sheep and goats. The disease remains as a major disease causing economic loss to the small ruminant industries. There is little information related to responses of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 in the chronic states. This study was designed to determine the serum concentrations of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 (pg/mL) in nonpregnant does experimentally inoculated with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis via intradermal route in chronic form. Eighteen non-pregnant healthy Katjang does aged 2 years old were divided randomly into two groups. The control and the treatment groups consist of nine does each and were kept for 3 months. The control group was inoculated with PBS solution while the treatment group was inoculated intradermally with C. pseudotuberculosis. Serum samples were collected every 3 days (72 hours) for 3 months (2064 hours). The present study showed significant increase in IL-1β (278 ± 19.19 pg/mL) after 1day (24 hours) of post infection (p<0.0001) which decreased sharply (98.31 ± 19.19 pg/mL) after 5 days (120 hours) of post infection (p = 0.9293) and attained a significant concentration (217.43 ± 19.19 pg/mL) after 3 months (2064 hours) of post infection (p<0.0048) in does challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis compared to the control group. In contrast, the concentration of IL-6 increased significantly (p<0.0001) to (56.43 ± 1.98 pg/mL) in 2 months (1392 hours) of post infection and then decreased significantly (p<0.0001) to concentration of (22.18 ± 1.98 pg/mL) in 3 months (2064 hours) compared to the control group. In conclusion, the present study indicate that the importunity of C. pseudotuberculosis is associated with persistently high concentrations of IL-1β and low concentration of IL-6 which, when interpreted, could severely contribute to pathological vicissitudes and injury of organs and tissues in the chronic stage of C. pseudotuberculosis infections.

Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine (IL-1&beta; and IL-6) Response in Goats Challenged with <i>Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis</i> and its Immunogen Mycolic Acids

“…Similarly, the increased IL-1β showed that infection by C. pseudotuberculosis has taken place. This finding is supported by (Jesse et al, 2016) who also indicated that bacterial infection stimulated the defense mechanism of the host thereby leading to an increase in the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β. In addition, the present study is also in agreement with (Othman et al, 2014) who showed that the IL-1β was the earliest cytokine to respond to C. pseudotuberculosis inoculation at early stage.…”

“…Elevated level of IL-1β indicates the acute nature of the early infection of C. pseudotuberculosis as well as the chronic stage. Meanwhile, IL-6 increased level one month post challenge signifies and verifies the chronic nature of CLA disease (Jesse et al, 2016). The delayed response of IL-1β in MAs treated group (started from week two up to week ten) may indicate the immunogenic property of MAs.…”

“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines are very important mediators of inflammatory responses which is involved in cellular activities that include the proliferation of cells, differentiation and the programmed cell death (Othman et al, 2014). Jesse et al (2016) reported that goats exposed to C. pseudotuberculosis showed significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines concentrations especially IL-1β and IL-6. Similarly, in this study, both IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations were significantly stimulated in both treated group.…”

“…Many experimental study on the infection of C. pseudotuberculosis have been carried out intraperitoneally, intravenously, intranasal, intratracheally, intravaginally, orally and intradermally (Othman et al, 2014;Abdullah et al, 2015). However, no information available on the effect of MAs extracted from C. pseudotuberculosis (Jesse et al, 2016).…”

“…Farmers encounter severe economic downturn in meat production after an inspection which clearly indicates that affected carcasses must be condemned in abattoirs (Williamson, 2001;Praveena et al, 2010;Abdullah et al, 2015). CLA causes weight loss, decline milk, wool and meat production, carcass condemnation and skin rejection in abattoirs (Dorella et al, 2006;Jesse et al, 2016). Many experimental study on the infection of C. pseudotuberculosis have been carried out intraperitoneally, intravenously, intranasal, intratracheally, intravaginally, orally and intradermally (Othman et al, 2014;Abdullah et al, 2015).…”