Cytokines in crevicular fluid and orthodontic force: a systematic review

Allgayer, Susiane; Menezes, Luciane Macedo de; Rinaldi, Mariana Roennau Lemos

doi:10.15448/1980-6523.2017.2.26330

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Considering the reported peak values at 24 hours in most studies such as those of Uematus et al, ( 20 ) Lee et al, ( 29 ) Ren et al, ( 24 ) and Karaduman et al ( 4 ), differences between our results and those of previous studies may be attributed to the time-dependent concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( 21 ). Regarding the levels of cytokine in GCF over time, the most commonly reported results were peak levels of cytokines at one day after orthodontic force, regardless of treatment mechanics ( 30 ), thus a one-hour time period after load application is not long enough for release of a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines into the GCF, and insignificant change in the level of these cytokines at one hour was expected in our study. On the other hand, insignificant increase in level of these cytokines in study teeth (compared to controls) at one hour (compared to baseline) indicates that chemotactic activity rapidly increases after mechanical load application ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…It can only be concluded that cytokine levels in GCF may not be indicative of periodontal remodeling in pressure and tension. It has been suggested that the cellular response may be part of the overall increase in metabolic activity, not responding to mechanical stress ( 30 ). Thus, the level of cytokines cannot be well differentiated at the pressure and tension sites, and collection of GCF from the mesial and distal sides alone cannot serve as a suitable indictor for assessment of activity at the pressure and tension sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 level in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial

et al. 2018

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BackgroundOrthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is based on induction of periodontal tissue remodeling. Mechanical tooth stimulation results in the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. These mediators cause bone resorption and deposition at the pressure and tension sites and play a role in OTM. Thus, assessment of chemical biomarkers can help determine the exact amount of load and its duration of application required for each tooth and select the most efficient treatment plan with minimal complications.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during OTM.MethodsThis randomized split-mouth clinical trial (parallel) was performed on 10 patients who were presenting to the Orthodontic Department of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences from November 2015 to June 2016. A canine tooth was randomly selected as the study group and subjected to distalization force while the contralateral canine tooth served as control. Using paper strip, GCF was collected from the study and control teeth prior to orthodontic force application (T0), one hour after (T1) and 28 days after force application (T2), then the level of TNFα and IL-6 was measured using ELISA. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 via Friedman and Wilcoxon test, and considering the significance level at p<0.05.ResultsThe level of TNFα (p=0.0799) and IL-6 (p=0.678) at both sides of study teeth was higher than both side of control teeth at T1. Also, the level of IL-6 (p=0.515) and TNFα (p=0.508) were higher at the tension side compared to the pressure side; but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionDue to the free circulation of GCF in gingival sulcus, the level of mediators in the GCF collected from the mesial and distal areas alone cannot serve as a suitable index for assessment of activity at the tension and pressure sites.Trial registrationThe trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the IRCT ID: IRCT2017030632903N2.FundingThe present study was supported by a grant from the Research Council, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran (thesis no.: 40).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 level in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial

et al. 2018

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“…IL-1β is also a PGE inducer and, along with mechanical stress, synergistically regulates the formation of PGs in periodontal cells [26]. The levels of IL-1β and PGE2 are higher in the tension zones compared to compression zones, which supports the hypothesis that during the initial stage of orthodontic treatment, this cytokine would originate from osteoclasts in response to mechanical stress [27].…”

Section: Orthodontic Influencesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Cytokines’ Involvement in Periodontal Changes

Șurlin¹,

Foia²,

Solomon³

et al. 2020

Cytokines

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The bacterial challenge on the periodontal tissues triggers an inflammatory reaction, driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines, that eventually leads to the periodontal structures' damage. The pathogenic mechanisms of this inflammatory reaction are complex and are influenced by the type of host-immune response and certain local and systemic factors. These factors can influence periodontal inflammation, through the action of the various pro-inflammatory cytokines. Periodontal disease and certain systemic conditions can have a mutual association, as the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases can involve similar molecular and cellular elements. The concept of 'periodontal medicine' comprises these pathogenic connections, focusing on the key role that periodontal health has on the general homeostasis and well-being.

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“…Finally, the information revealed significant interindividual changes in biological reactions to a force that led to a challenging comparison between diverse studies. However, according to the previous systematic review on force magnitude connected with the OTM procedure [36][37][38], similar problems had been experienced [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In this review, it appeared that hyalinization in rats had occurred before the test phase compared with other species. In one other study, details showed that the alveolar bone in rats had a better thickness than that of humans [36]. It seemed that the osteoid layer alongside the bone surface was less inexhaustible in rats compared with humans, justifying quicker hyalinization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hyalinization and Molecular Pathways Involved in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jamali

Khosravi

Shadmanpour

et al. 2020

Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr.

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To systematically review the hyalinization of experimental tooth movement in humans and animals. Material and Methods: The electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Institute for Scientific Information, and Google Scholar were searched for performing a systematic review of the related literature published until 2019. Moreover, Endnote X9 software was utilized to manage electronic titles. The searches were fulfilled using keywords of "hyalinization," "orthodontic tooth movement" OR "OTM" AND "periodontal ligament" OR "PDL," "molecular pathways," AND "mechanical cell." Therefore, this systematic review was conducted based on the key consideration of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Forces ranged between 2.3 and 50 CN had been applied. According to the research design, incisors had been included in two experiments, whereas maxillary molars had been displaced by tipping forces in another rat examination. However, a majority of investigations had stated that hyalinization had firstly appeared within the first 24 hours. Moreover, the amount of prostaglandin-end peroxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) had been positively related to force term and size utilizing Western blotching. As PTGS2 had been included in the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) metabolism, the up-regulation of PTGS2 gene expression could be connected with that of PGE2 emission. Conclusion: Gene expression in connection with force term and size and also the first signalling pathways were recognized utilizing protein-protein interactions (PPIs).

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Cytokines in crevicular fluid and orthodontic force: a systematic review

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 level in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial

Assessment of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 level in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial

Cytokines’ Involvement in Periodontal Changes

Hyalinization and Molecular Pathways Involved in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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