Cytokinins and mango flower malformation III. The metabolism of [3H]iso-pentenyladenine and [8-14C]zeatin by Fusarium moniliforme

Staden, J. Van; Bayley, A.D.; Macrae, S.

doi:10.1016/0885-5765(89)90062-3

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The number, nature, and kind of cytokinins varied in healthy and malformed inflorescence during different developmental stages were studied and cytokinin content was detected to be elevated in malformed inflorescence with respect to healthy ones 18 . The higher infection of Fusaium and the malformation symptoms were explained to be mediated via consequence of cytokinin production and metabolism 20 , 21 . Ethylene is a well known “stress hormone” that may affect the extent and magnitude of spore germination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 18 The higher infection of Fusaium and the malformation symptoms were explained to be mediated via consequence of cytokinin production and metabolism. 20 , 21 Ethylene is a well known “stress hormone” that may affect the extent and magnitude of spore germination. Ethrel was reported to stimulate the germination of spores and growth of fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro: Response of plant growth regulators and antimalformins on conidia germination ofFusarium mangiferaeand incidence of mango malformation

Ansari

Tula

Shukla

et al. 2013

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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Mango malformation is the most important and threatening disease of recent times, primarily because of persistent lacuna in complete understanding of its nature. Diverse Fusarium spp, including F. mangiferae, were found to be associated with the disease. Here, F. mangiferae from mango cv Dashehri was morphologically characterized. Typically, oval-shaped microconidia without septum and crescent-shaped macroconidia with 3-septate were more often observed, whereas not a single chlamydospore was detected. The length and width of micro- and macro-conidia were 7.5, 55, 3.2, and 3.5, respectively. The plant growth regulators such as NAA, GA3, BAP and ethrel were found to induce in vitro germination of conidia of F. mangiferae after 12 h. In contrast, antimalformin silver nitrate (AgNO3) inhibits conidial germination in vitro and none of conidia was germinated beyond 500 ppm, however antimalformin glutathione was highly effective in stimulating conidial germination of F. mangiferae in vitro at > 1000 ppm after 24 h. We observed that the response of F. mangiferae to germinate the conidia in vitro under influence of plant growth regulators and antimalformins is not coincided with earlier findings of reduced disease incidence by exogenous application of these compounds. The present findings do not authenticate the involvement of F. mangiferae in the disease, however hormonal imbalance, most probably ethylene, might be responsible for deformed functional morphology of panicle. Further, a signal transduction mechanism of stress-stimulated ethylene imbalance causing physio-morphological changes in reproductive organs of mango flower and thereby failure of fertilization and fruit set, which needs to be investigated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro: Response of plant growth regulators and antimalformins on conidia germination ofFusarium mangiferaeand incidence of mango malformation

Ansari

Tula

Shukla

et al. 2013

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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“…Infected inflorescence tissue then is prone to either form sterile panicles or abort fruit production shortly after onset (Varma et al, 1974 ; Freeman et al, 2014 ), resulting in crop reduction of 50–60% and in severe cases to the complete loss of harvest (Chakrabarti, 2011 ; Ansari et al, 2015 ). MMD symptoms likely result from the production of SMs including plant hormones, such as cytokinins, that are associated with the abnormal plant development during mango malformation (Stadent and van Nicholson, 1989 ; Stadent et al, 1989 ; Vrabka et al, 2019 ). Next to this, recent studies performed on inflorescence and vegetative tissues infected with F. mangiferae suggests that the fungus affects the plant's hormonal balance by targeted up- and downregulation of important plant growth regulators such as gibberellins or auxins (Usha et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Fusapyrone Depends on the H3K9 Methyltransferase, FmKmt1, in Fusarium mangiferae

Atanasoff-Kardjalieff

Lünne

Kalinina

et al. 2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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The phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium mangiferae belongs to the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). Members of this group cause a wide spectrum of devastating diseases on diverse agricultural crops. F. mangiferae is the causal agent of the mango malformation disease (MMD) and as such detrimental for agriculture in the southern hemisphere. During plant infection, the fungus produces a plethora of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which most often lead to severe adverse defects on plants health. Changes in chromatin structure achieved by posttranslational modifications (PTM) of histones play a key role in regulation of fungal SM biosynthesis. Posttranslational tri-methylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) is considered a hallmark of heterochromatin and established by the SET-domain protein Kmt1. Here, we show that FmKmt1 is involved in H3K9me3 in F. mangiferae. Loss of FmKmt1 only slightly though significantly affected fungal hyphal growth and stress response and is required for wild type-like conidiation. While FmKmt1 is largely dispensable for the biosynthesis of most known SMs, removal of FmKMT1 resulted in an almost complete loss of fusapyrone and deoxyfusapyrone, γ-pyrones previously only known from Fusarium semitectum. Here, we identified the polyketide synthase (PKS) FmPKS40 to be involved in fusapyrone biosynthesis, delineate putative cluster borders by co-expression studies and provide insights into its regulation.

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Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg Associated with Hardlock of Cotton

et al. 2010

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Boll rots of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) are common in the humid areas of the Southeastern US. One type of boll damage that may be differentiated from others is hardlock, with symptoms that include compression of the fibers within individual locules of mature, open cotton bolls without further obvious disintegration of the lint or damage to the carpel wall. The principal economic effect is that the boll's lint is unharvestable by mechanical cotton pickers. This disease is endemic to the Southeast and can cause severe yield losses up to 70% in some fields. Scanning electron microscopy images of fibers from hardlocked bolls showed flattened and twisted tissue compared to fibers from healthy bolls. Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg was the fungus most commonly isolated from seeds of developing cotton bolls. Flowers inoculated with F. verticillioides on the day of bloom by spraying a spore suspension onto the flowers developed significantly (P < 0.05) more hardlock symptoms compared to untreated controls. The infection process was analyzed using a F. verticillioides isolate tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). When it was applied to cotton flowers on the day of bloom, the GFP-tagged F. verticillioides strain was detected in the stigma and style by 2 days after bloom (DAB) and in developing seeds at 4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, 40, and 60 (open bolls) DAB. By 8 DAB, the GFP F. verticillioides was isolated from over 80% of developing seeds.

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Cytokinins and mango flower malformation III. The metabolism of [3H]iso-pentenyladenine and [8-14C]zeatin by Fusarium moniliforme

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

In vitro: Response of plant growth regulators and antimalformins on conidia germination ofFusarium mangiferaeand incidence of mango malformation

In vitro: Response of plant growth regulators and antimalformins on conidia germination ofFusarium mangiferaeand incidence of mango malformation

Biosynthesis of Fusapyrone Depends on the H3K9 Methyltransferase, FmKmt1, in Fusarium mangiferae

Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg Associated with Hardlock of Cotton

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