Cytology of disseminated cutaneous rhinosporidiosis

Bandyopadhyay, Arghya; Chakrabarti, Nirmalya

doi:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1944_19

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…17 Other species include the Apophysomyces complex (A. elegans, A. variabilis, A. ossiformis, A. trapeziformis, A. mexicanus), 5,8,10,[19][20][21] and the Saksenaea complex (S. vasiformis, S. erythrospora, S. oblongispora). 5,11,22 Most of the primary cutaneous mucormycosis reports are related to A. variabilis and S. vasiformis, that exhibit a high cutaneous tropism; the majority of the reports come from India, 3,8,10 United States, 1,9 and Latin America (Colombia, Venezuela). 12 It is important to point out that the primo-isolates usually do not develop forms of reproduction, 5,19 for which stimulation or either identification by molecular (PCR and sequencing) or proteomic (MALDI-TOF) tests is often necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 The most frequently isolated species causing cutaneous disease include Rhizopus arrhizus (formerly R. oryzae), and less frequently species of the Apophysomyces and Saksenaea complexes. 3 Mucorales have a ubiquitous habitat, but prefer warm and humid climates, usually found in the soil, decaying organic material, fruits, bread and seeds. 4 The route of entry is Correspondence: Alexandro Bonifaz, Dr. Balmis 148, colonia Doctores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mucormycosis is an emergent angio‐invasive mycosis caused by opportunistic fungi classified in the phylum Mucoromycota (formerly Zygomycetes ) in the order Mucorales; it includes seven families, with eleven genera and approximately thirty species 1,2 . The most frequently isolated species causing cutaneous disease include Rhizopus arrhizus (formerly R. oryzae ), and less frequently species of the Apophysomyces and Saksenaea complexes 3 . Mucorales have a ubiquitous habitat, but prefer warm and humid climates, usually found in the soil, decaying organic material, fruits, bread and seeds 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mucorales have a ubiquitous habitat, but prefer warm and humid climates, usually found in the soil, decaying organic material, fruits, bread and seeds 4 . The route of entry is through the nasal, respiratory and palatal mucosa, and less frequently the cutaneous form, through, skin abrasion or loss of the skin barrier 3 . Cutaneous mucormycosis is the third most common form of mucormycosis (10–22% of cases), but is becoming more common 1,2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutaneous mucormycosis can be classified into two clinical types: the primary cutaneous and the secondary cutaneous mucormycosis 5 . Most of the reports found in the literature as cutaneous forms refer to primary cases 3,6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mucormycosis with cutaneous involvement. A retrospective study of 115 cases at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico

et al. 2020

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Background/Objectives: Cutaneous mucormycosis is an emerging opportunistic mycosis caused by Mucorales. It can be divided into primary caused by trauma and secondary by extension of rhino-cerebral and disseminated cases. The objective is to present a retrospective study of cases of mucormycosis with cutaneous involvement.Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out. Mucormycosis patients were included and divided into two groups: a) Primary Cutaneous and b) Secondary Cutaneous. Mycological tests were performed; the agents were identified by morphology and molecular studies (PCR and sequencing); some cases underwent histopathology. Clinical data and response to treatment were collected.Results: 115 cases were included, 18 of primary, and 97 of secondary cutaneous mucormycosis. Primary cutaneous mucormycosis was most associated with adhesive bands (44.4%) and trauma from traffic accidents (33.3%). The principal clinical form was extensive and deep necrotic ulcers. Secondary cutaneous mucormycosis cases were rhino-cerebral with uncontrolled diabetes (81.4%) The most frequent clinical presentation was necrosis of the eyelid and the nose (65.9%). In both groups, the principal agent was Rhizopus arrhizus, 38.8% and 74.2% respectively. The most effective treatment was the combination of amphotericin B with surgical debridement. The clinical and mycological cure was achieved in 31.0% of primary cases, and 44.4% for secondary cases. Conclusion:Primary cutaneous mucormycosis is caused by implantation of the Mucorales due to trauma or rupture of the cutaneous barrier-breach, and secondary cutaneous mucormycosis develops as part of the rhino-cerebral process. The response to treatment depends on the extension and depth, as well as the predisposing factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mucormycosis with cutaneous involvement. A retrospective study of 115 cases at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico

et al. 2020

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Cycloserine/ketoconazole

2021

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Severe Fatal Mucormycosis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Treated with Zanubrutinib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Maggioni,

Fedrigo,

Visentin

et al. 2023

Current Oncology

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Severe mucormycosis is a fatal disease rarely complicating chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. We present a fulminant and fatal case of a 74-year-old Caucasian woman suffering from CLL treated with second-generation BTK inhibitor zanubrutinib. After a first septic episode a month prior, originating from the lung with later systemic involvement by an unidentified agent and treated with large-spectrum antibiotics and fluconazonle, a slow-onset enlarging tender warm and erythematous nodular swollen cutaneous lesion appeared in her lower limbs and spread subsequently to her upper limbs, progressing towards central ulceration with a necrotic core. Suspecting a mycotic dissemination from an unknown agent, a skin punch biopsy was performed, and intraconazole was started. Due to spread of the skin lesions, the patient was hospitalized and intravenous liposomal ampthotericin B was started. Histopathology showed an atypical sporangium-rich mycotic angioinvasion of the small vessels. Only the increase of BDG and GM could corroborate the hypothesis of mycotic infection. However, long-term CLL, immunosuppressive therapies, neutropenia, and prior use of azoles and other antimycotic agents were risk factors for mucormycosis; BTK inhibitor could also be added as another novel risk factor. Despite all therapeutic efforts, the patient died. Post-mortem molecular exams confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated mucormycosis.

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Cytology of disseminated cutaneous rhinosporidiosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Mucormycosis with cutaneous involvement. A retrospective study of 115 cases at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico

Mucormycosis with cutaneous involvement. A retrospective study of 115 cases at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico

Cycloserine/ketoconazole

Severe Fatal Mucormycosis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Treated with Zanubrutinib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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