Cytomegalovirus Necrotizing Bronchiolitis with HIV Infection

Vasudevan, Viswanath; Mascarenhas, Daniel; Klapper, Philip; Lomvardias, Stylianos

doi:10.1378/chest.97.2.483

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The practical application of our data is that the occurrence of HCMV bronchiolitis in transplanted lungs is extremely unlikely. This observation fits with the occasional HCMV bronchiolitis described in a few non-transplanted patients [18,36] and with the absence of reports on HCMV bronchiolitis in a transplant setting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In situ characterization of human cytomegalovirus infection of bronchiolar cells in human transplanted lung

Morbini

Arbustini

2001

Virchows Arch

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Distal airway cell infection by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in transplanted lung has been occasionally reported but not systematically investigated. The present study aimed at testing the prevalence of HCMV bronchiolar infection in human transplanted lung. We identified and immunophenotyped, with double labeling, infected lung cells in 31 transbronchial biopsies with HCMV infection, containing distal airways (7 HCMV pneumonias, 7 HCMV infection without inflammation, and 17 morphologically occult, non-cytopathic HCMV infection). HCMV-infected cells in pneumonias, localizations, and occult infections were alveolar epithelia (32.8%, 42.8%, and 53.5%, respectively), endothelia (22.9%, 24.7%, and 26.4%, respectively), macrophages (0.006%, none, and none, respectively), airway epithelia (0.01%, 8.9%, and none, respectively), and bronchiolar smooth muscle cells (0.011%, 14.6%, and 16.1%, respectively). Ciliated and bronchiolar smooth muscle cells in transplanted lung only occasionally harbored viral infection and never showed viral cytopathy. On the basis of our morphological observations, HCMV infection of bronchiolar wall cells is rare, while alveolar epithelia and capillary endothelial cells are the major targets of lung infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In situ characterization of human cytomegalovirus infection of bronchiolar cells in human transplanted lung

Morbini

Arbustini

2001

Virchows Arch

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“…Only two dozens of well-documented HIV-infected patients with CMV pneumonia have been described (Rodriguez-Barradas et al, 1996;Salomon et al, 1997;Vasudevan et al, 1990). Presence of CMV in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid correlates poorly with histopathologic evidence of CMV pneumonia in transbronchial biopsy specimen or with an increased risk of developing CMV pneumonia within 3 months of followup (Millar et al, 1990;Mann et al, 1997).…”

Section: Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Steininger

Puchhammer‐Stöckl

Popow‐Kraupp

2006

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Direct Cytopathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some instances, ex tensive viral replication resulting in destruction of the alveolar epithelium has been described [31, 46,144], In these cases, predominantly occurring in AIDS patients, direct cytopathogenicity might have caused symptomatic disease. Ganciclovir treatment was reported to be benefi cial in pneumonitis of HIV-infected patients [144], In bone marrow transplant recipients and in heart-lung transplant recipients, HCMV-associated pneumonitis has been suggested to represent an immunopathological con dition [145]. This assumption was based on the poor cor relation of viral titers in lung tissue and the severity of pneumonitis, the presence of extensive inflammatory in filtrates with only limited viral replication, and the rela tively poor response to antiviral treatment [146,147], This hypothesis was supported by analyses of murine CMV pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in mice [148].…”

Section: Direct Cytopathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism and Pathogenesis

Sinzger¹,

Jahn²

1996

Intervirology

179

178

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The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause lifelong infection with episodes of endogenous reactivation. Intrauterine fetal infection and infection of immunocompromised patients are well known to result in significant morbidity. Studies on HCMV cell tropism in vivo revealed three characteristics: (1) ubiquitously distributed cell types such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts are the major targets of HCMV infection; (2) leukocytes circulating in the peripheral blood are susceptible to the virus, and (3) specialized parenchymal cells such as smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal tract and hepatocytes can also be infected. Questions to be resolved are, how the virus spreads throughout the organism, how it can impair the function of infected organs, and how it evades the host’s immune response to establish lifelong infection. This chapter is focused on the role of HCMV-infected target cells for the pathogenesis of HCMV-associated disease in the acutely infected immunocompromised host.

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Cytomegalovirus Necrotizing Bronchiolitis with HIV Infection

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

In situ characterization of human cytomegalovirus infection of bronchiolar cells in human transplanted lung

In situ characterization of human cytomegalovirus infection of bronchiolar cells in human transplanted lung

Cytomegalovirus disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Human Cytomegalovirus Cell Tropism and Pathogenesis

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