Cytomorphic Study of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis: A Correlation between Cytological Grade and Biochemical Parameters

Bhardwaj, Aparna; Kumar, Rajesh; Acharya, Seema

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2019/41202.12922

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Further, eleven cases were euthyroid (16.9%) with normal levels of T3 and T4 indicating disease in phase of evolution. This is similar to and correlate with studies by Bhardwaj et al (2019); Kumar et al (2002); Singh et al (2009), in which most of the patients were hypothyroid (Bhardwaj et al, 2019;Kumar et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…According to a study by Sood & Nigam (2014), the commonest age group of presentation was 21-30 years (Sood & Nigam, 2014). In another study by Iha et al the commonest age group was below 40 years which is in concordance with our study (Bhardwaj et al, 2019). The occurrence of disease in younger age group is due to deficiency of iodine in non coastal areas which is still prevalent despite of national iodine deficiency diseases control program.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the present study, the most common clinical presentation was diffuse thyroid swelling which was seen in fifty two patients (80%) while thirteen patients (20%) presented with nodular disease of the thyroid. This is comparable with the observations made (Bhardwaj et al, 2019). But this observation is significantly higher in comparison to a study done by Bhatia A et al, in which only 2.63% of patients presented with nodular disease (Bhatia et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Twenty cases (31%) of grade-III thyroiditis showed presence of florid lymphocytic infiltration with germinal center formation with the presence of scanty follicular cells. In our study, most of the patients presented with grade-II disease which is supported by the studies done (Bhatia et al, 2007;Bhardwaj et al, 2019). However, in the study by Anila et al (2016), maximum number of the patients presented with grade-I disease (Singh et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In the present study female predominance was noted which is similar to the observations by other authors who have noticed a female predilection for the disease in their studies. The occurrence of disease in females has a early onset while in males it usually presents at a late age group (Uma et al, 2013;Sood & Nigam, 2014;Bhardwaj et al, 2019;Kumar et al, 2002). In the present study, the most common clinical presentation was diffuse thyroid swelling which was seen in fifty two patients (80%) while thirteen patients (20%) presented with nodular disease of the thyroid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

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Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Gupta

Kour

Jandial

et al. 2022

ijhs

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Sixty five cases of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were included in the study. Most of the study subjects were females [61 cases (94%)] and male to female ratio was 1:15. The most common age group was ? 40 years (52 cases, 80%). Grade I lymphocytic thyroiditis was observed in seventeen (17 cases, 26%) cases, Grade II in twenty eight cases (28 cases, 43.07%) and Grade III thyroiditis was seen in twenty (20 cases, 31%) cases. Anti-TPO and TSH values were increased in 95% (19/20) of cases with grade 3 lymphoid infiltrate, 92.8% (26/28) of cases with grade 2, and 94.1% (16/17) of cases with grade 1. The diagnosis of Hashimoto Thyroiditis should be based on a multidisciplinary approach wherein clinical, radiological, biochemical, cytological, and radionuclide parameters are taken into consideration. However, in spite of the availability of different diagnostic modalities, demonstration of lymphocytic infiltration on cytologic smears still remains the gold standard.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

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Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Gupta

Kour

Jandial

et al. 2022

ijhs

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Clinical and Biochemical Correlation With Cytomorphological Findings of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis: An Experience at a Tertiary Centre in the Himalayan Foothills

Singh¹,

Kumari²,

Kaushik³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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IntroductionLymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder and one of the major causes of hypothyroidism. On cytomorphology, it is characterized by follicular destruction by lymphocytes with elevated biochemical markers, including a panel of autoantibodies against thyroid antigens. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of various cytological features of lymphocytic thyroiditis and their correlation with clinical presentation and biochemical parameters. Materials and methodsWe conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 105 patients diagnosed with lymphocytic thyroiditis on cytology at our tertiary care center in the Himalayan foothills from December 2018 to December 2019. We recorded and analyzed baseline demographic characteristics, clinical features, and biochemical parameters to assess correlations between cytological findings and grades. ResultsThe study included 105 patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis (90 females, 15 males). The study population age ranged from 11 years to 80 years, with the disease most common in patients aged 21 to 40 years. Grade II was the most common cytological presentation (n=65, 62%). Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were elevated in 33.3% of cases, and anti-thyroid peroxidase levels were elevated in all 25 cases for whom data were available (p>0.05). ConclusionCytological diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis was compatible in all cases in the study. However, cytological grading did not correlate with the clinical presentation and biochemical parameters. The diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis could be missed if clinicians use clinical findings and biochemical parameters alone.

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Cytological Grading of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Its Correlation With Biochemical Parameters: An Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in North India

Ashraf,

Sharma,

Gupta

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background: Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism. The clinical management of thyroid nodules, with or without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, mainly depends on clinical data, ultrasonography, and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), the latter being the gold standard for the pre-surgical diagnosis of thyroidal nodules. The grading of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis can be divided into three categories. The spectrum of the thyroid profile can be correlated to the cytological diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Aim: This study aims to study the cytomorphology of various grades of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and its correlation with the hormonal profile. Methods: In this study, 44 patients with a diagnosis of lymphocytic thyroiditis on FNAC were included. The cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis were graded cytomorphologically, and correlation with the thyroid hormone profile was done. Results: The majority of the patients were between 16 and 30 years age group, with a female predominance. The majority of the patients presented with diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland. The maximum number of cases was graded in the grade II cytological category (70.46%). A hypothyroid profile was present in 63% of patients, followed by an euthyroid profile. The majority of patients with grade II thyroiditis also had a hypothyroid profile. However, no significant association was found between cytological grading and hormonal status. Conclusions: Cytological grading is a clear, easy-to-use diagnostic tool for confirmation of lymphocytic thyroiditis. However, the cytological grades show no statistically significant correlation with thyroid hormonal status. Lymphocytic thyroiditis should be diagnosed with a multidisciplinary approach, as clinical features and hormonal profile when used alone may result in a missed diagnosis.

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Cytomorphic Study of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis: A Correlation between Cytological Grade and Biochemical Parameters

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Clinical and Biochemical Correlation With Cytomorphological Findings of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis: An Experience at a Tertiary Centre in the Himalayan Foothills

Cytological Grading of Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Its Correlation With Biochemical Parameters: An Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in North India

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