Cytomorphologic and Immunocytochemical Characteristics of Reactive Renal Tubular Cells in Renal Glomerular Disease

Sudan Black B Reduces Autofluorescence in Murine Renal Tissue

“…We observed that protein casts in diseased kidney could also contribute to AF. Moreover, reactive or injured renal tubular cells with intracytoplasmic pigmented granules (hemosiderin or lipofuscin) could result in AF, consistent with the results of Ohsaki et al 20 Various methods have been developed to subtract background fluorescence, including ammonia-ethanol, sodium borohydride, SBB, CuSO 4 , 13 or irradiation with light. 21 Treatment with chemicals such as CuSO 4 can also reduce the intensity of specific immunofluorescent labeling.…”

Can cytological features differentiate reactive renal tubular cells from low‐grade urothelial carcinoma cells?

“…No procedures such as catheter manipulation had been undertaken before the collection. Reactive renal tubular cells and LG‐UCs were identified on the basis of descriptions reported by previous investigators 1–6 …”

“…The Papanicolaou‐stained smears were evaluated on the basis of typical cytological descriptions of reactive renal tubular cells and LG‐UCs from past reports, 1–6 which take into account 15 parameters: (i) maximum cell number of clusters, (ii) cannibalism (Figure 1a,b), (iii) rosette‐like arrangement (Figure 2), (iv) hobnail‐shaped cells, (v) vacuolated cytoplasm, (vi) intracytoplasmic haemosiderin (Figure 3), (vii) irregular nuclear contours (Figure 4a,b), (viii) chromatin pattern (euchromatin or heterochromatin), (ix) prominent nucleoli, (x) cast encasement (Figure 5), (xi) casts, (xii) dysmorphic erythrocytes (Figure 6a), (xiii) isomorphic erythrocytes (Figure 6b), (xiv) necrosis and (xv) vimentin reactivity. The maximum cell number of clusters was semiquantitatively assessed as follows: (1+) 10 cells or less, (2+) 10–50 cells and (3+) 50 cells or more in each preparation.…”

“…Until recently, cytologists have stressed the importance of tumour cells of the urinary tract, with little attention being given to the reactive renal tubular cells derived from the nephron, which may show features of an atypical repair reaction. Such cellular changes included marked nuclear enlargement, prominent nucleoli, and irregular nuclear contours 1,2 . Therefore, in clinical cytology, because these cells can mimic cancer cells, their presence in urine can result in a diagnostic pitfall 1,2 .…”

“…Such cellular changes included marked nuclear enlargement, prominent nucleoli, and irregular nuclear contours 1,2 . Therefore, in clinical cytology, because these cells can mimic cancer cells, their presence in urine can result in a diagnostic pitfall 1,2 . In particular, the differentiation of mild to moderately atypical reactive renal tubular cells from low‐grade urothelial carcinoma cells (LG‐UCs) can be challenging 2 .…”