Cytoskeleton‐induced Alterations of the Lectin Activity in Winter Wheat Under Cold Hardening and Abscisic Acid (Aba)

Abstract

The roots and leaves of 7-day seedlings of three winter wheat cultivars differing in frost resistant were used to study changes in lectin activity under cytoskeleton modifiers (DMSO-7%; colchicine-1 m m; oryzalin-15 microm; cytochalasin B-15 microm) of non-hardened (23 degrees C) and hardened (2-3 degrees C, 3-7 day) plants. Plants were grown with ABA (30 microm) or without ABA. Pretreatment with colchicine, oryzalin [inhibitors of microtubules (MT) polymerization], cytochalasin B [inhibitor of microfilament (MF) polymerization] increased the activity of cell wall lectins, although pretreatment with DMSO (stabilizer of microtubules) decreased the activity. Both hardening and ABA decreased the effect of the cytoskeletal modifiers. These results could be explained by the appearance of tolerant MTs with less affinity. It is probable that increase in the activity of cell wall lectins may be the compensatory mechanism which stabilizes the cytoskeleton structure in conditions tending to disrupt it. The genotype with low resistance had higher sensitivity of lectin activity to cytoskeleton modifiers than the frost resistant genotype. The results suggest that leaves have more stable MTs and MFs and stronger MT-MF binding than roots.

Tubulin Acetylation Mediates Bisphenol A Effects on the Microtubule Arrays of Allium cepa and Triticum turgidum

“…In parallel, the content of acetylated α -tubulin differed significantly among the two plant species. α -Tubulin acetylation at K40 is a common feature in angiosperms [30], so this observation is in accordance with previous studies on both A. cepa [37] and T. turgidum [38]. However, acetylated α -tubulin was not present in all the microtubule arrays of A. cepa, being absent from interphase and pre/prophase cells (Figure 8).…”

Proteomic Responses Under Cold Stress Reveal Unique Cold Tolerance Mechanisms in the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

“…On the structural level, the lectin protein family is tightly related to cold tolerance ( Moulessehoul et al, 1992 ; Gronwald et al, 1998 ). Interestingly, the function of lectin proteins relies on alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase ( Khraltsova et al, 2000 ), cytoskeleton ( Timofeeva et al, 2000 ), and especially rely on the lectin type ( Meng et al, 2017 ; Hung et al, 2018 ). In this study, three C-type lectin proteins were differentially expressed under the different temperature treatments (Figure 5 ), suggesting that each individual lectin played a specific role in cold tolerance in this organism.…”

Effects of phytohormones on the cytoskeleton of the plant cell

“…Much research is devoted to the effects of ABA and low temperature on MT stability, because depolymer ization of cortical MTs is one of the key features of the cold shock; however, treatment with ABA enhanced MT cold tolerance, which underlies plant adaptation to low temperatures [9,63]. MT stability induced by ABA is recommended as a diagnostic marker of cold tolerance of various winter wheat cultivars [64].…”

“…It is supposed that MT depolymerization, a decrease in the population of unstable MTs, and the increase in the amount of stable MTs result in growth retardation of plants treated with ABA or plants during the early steps of their cold acclimation. After cold acclimation, activated plant growth is evidently determined by the increase in the amount of dynamic/unstable MTs and enhanced MF polymerization [63].…”