Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Macroptilium lathyroides

Abstract

The monitoring of phytochemicals with potentially toxic properties can be assessed by observing the physiological and cellular alterations of the test organism exposed. This present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of leaves and roots of Macroptilium lathyroides weed on the cell cycle of lettuce. Bioassays were conducted in a germinator (25 oC) with aqueous extract at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40% p v-1, obtained from fresh leaves and roots. For biological, lettuce root meristems were used for the preparation of slides using the technique of squashing. All blades were observed with an optical microscope at a magnitude of 400x. A total of 5,000 cells were analyzed for each treatment, and the number of cells in each phase of mitosis was recorded. Possible presence of chromosomal abnormalities was verified, such as chromatid breaks, anafasic bridges, loss of whole chromosomes or micronuclei formation. These analyzes were conducted only on a qualitative level. Results showed that aqueous extracts of M. lathyroides mitotic caused reduced index with increased concentration. Genotoxic activity was also observed for both extracts tested, since composition resulted in cell cycle changes and chromosomal abnormalities.

Efeito Citotóxico De Extratos Aquosos De Artemisia Absinthium L. Sobre O Ciclo Celular De Allium Cepa L. / Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Artemisia Absinthium L. On the Cell Cycle of Allium Cepa L.

“…As concentrações dos extratos avaliados influenciaram negativamente o IM de A. cepa, sendo que com, exceção do EAD, os demais promoveram maior IM na menor concentração, ou seja, 0,45 mg mL -1 , o que também foi observado por Silva et al (2018) em seus estudos com extratos de Macroptilium lathyroides, onde constataram que as radículas de Lactuca sativa L. expostas ao extrato de menor concentração apresentaram o maior número de células em divisão e o IM reduziu de acordo com o aumento das concentrações.…”

The in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental findings of Nephrolepis exaltata

“…This test has been widely used since it allows the evaluation of the effects or damages that mutagenic agents might cause. For the sample, it is necessary to be in constant mitotic division, seeking to identify the toxic effects and alterations during all cell cycle (Silva et al, 2018). Either the mitotic index as the replication index was used as indicators of adequate cell proliferation (Bonciu et al, 2018).…”

Cytotoxic evaluation of sodium hypochlorite, using Pisum sativum L as effective bioindicator

“…species are used to study chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and the presence of micronuclei (Mn); due to the fact that the root meristems contain a high proportion of cells in mitosis, which facilitates the incidence of toxic contaminants in plant cells (Prajitha and Thoppil, 2016). Pollutants are those that are capable of causing damage to the genetic material, because they have a direct action on the genetic material causing changes in the structure of the chromosome (Silva et al, 2018). The anomalies here reported coincide with those found by several authors who used P. sativum as an agent for evaluating the cytotoxicity of different chemical substances with cytotoxic potential such as cadmium and chromium (Fusconi et al, 2006;Rai, Sangeeta Dayal, 2016).…”