Cytotoxicity analysis of gadolinium doped cerium oxide nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

A complex analysis of cytotoxicity was performed for a nanodispersed sol of cerium dioxide doped with gadolinium (Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2−x) using a culture of mesenchymal stem cells. The absence of cyto-and genotoxicity over a wide range of concentrations (10 −5-10 −9 M) was demonstrated. At that, the highest concentration of Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2−x nanoparticles (10 −4 M) was found to slightly reduce the activity of intracellular dehydrogenase, yet not leading to the development of apoptosis and further cell death. The obtained results confirm a high degree of Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2−x nanoparticle biocompatibility, which opens prospects for their safe application as a contrasting agent in the magnetic resonance tomography.

Mechanism of gas molecule transport through erythrocytes’ membranes by kinks-solitons

“…Mechanical stresses in membranes affect the ability of erythrocytes to fold when they pass through micro capillaries [30]. These stresses change under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors: hormones [31,32], nanoparticles [33][34][35][36], blood plasma proteins [37], vitamin E [38]. Apparently, the change in the microviscosity of the erythrocyte membranes is one of the mechanisms of a human body adaptation to the harsh conditions of the Far North.…”

Physicochemical and biochemical properties of the Keplerate-type nanocluster polyoxomolybdates as promising components for biomedical use

“…In addition, the manufacturing of liposomal products employs rather sophisticated technologies. Various inorganic nanoscale objects are considered as components of targeted drug delivery systems; these include metal, oxide or complex oxide objects, and some other types of nanoparticles [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], as well as carbon clusters (fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene, and nanodiamonds) . These objects can be used, for instance, as shells or cores of nanocapsules, providing the release of drugs, for example, under local electromagnetic influence.…”

The use of nanocluster polyoxometalates in the bioactive substance delivery systems

“…In some cases, the factor contributing to the release of the transported drug from the nanocapsules may be the changing pH of the medium into which they find themselves. By their composition, the metal-containing biomedical nanoparticles are usually divided into purely metallic, e.g., gold copper, silver, and nanoparticles with a complex composition, for example, based on oxides of iron, copper, zinc, titanium, tungsten, on cerium and zirconium dioxides, including those containing rare earth metals [70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86], etc.…”