Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium silicate-based cements on an osteoblast lineage

Abstract

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium silicate-based cements on an osteoblast lineage Abstract: Several calcium silicate-based biomaterials have been developed in recent years, in addition to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and apoptosis/necrosis in human osteoblast cells (SAOS-2) of pure calcium silicate-based cements (CSC) and modified formulations: modified calcium silicate-based cements (CSCM) and three resin-based calcium silicate cements (CSCR1) (CSCR 2) (CSCR3). The following tests were performed after 24 hours of cement extract exposure: methyl-thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), apoptosis/necrosis assay and comet assay. The negative control (CT-) was performed with untreated cells, and the positive control (CT+) used hydrogen peroxide. The data for MTT and apoptosis were submitted to analysis of variance and Bonferroni's posttest (p < 0.05), and the data for the comet assay analysis, to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05). The MTT test showed no significant difference among the materials in 2 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL concentrations. CSCR3 showed lower cell viability at 10 mg/mL. Only CSC showed lower cell viability at 50 mg/mL. CSCR1, CSCR2 and CSCR3 showed a higher percentage of initial apoptosis than the control in the apoptosis test, after 24 hours exposure. The same cements showed no genotoxicity in the concentration of 2 mg/mL, with the comet assay. CSC and CSCR2 were also not genotoxic at 10 mg/mL. All experimental materials showed viability with MTT. CSC and CSCR2 presented a better response to apoptosis and genotoxicity evaluation in the 10 mg/mL concentration, and demonstrated a considerable potential for use as reparative materials.

Cytocompatibility, bioactive potential and antimicrobial activity of an experimental calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealer

“…Various additives and vehicles are used to provide appropriate consistency to favour the manipulation of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers (Gomes-Corn elio et al 2016). Polyethylene glycol can be used as a vehicle for calcium hydroxide pastes used as intracanal medicaments (Athanassiadis & Walsh 2017).…”

Genotoxicity Induced by Dental Materials: A Comprehensive Review

“…Pure calcium silicate-based cements, modified calcium silicate-based cements and three resin-based calcium silicate cements showed no genotoxicity by comet assay in human osteoblast cells (87). GuttaFlow, Epiphany, Diaket, IRM, SuperEBA and Hermetic were tested on human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the comet assay and chromosomal aberration analysis; the results were considered positive for genotoxicity (89).…”

Influência da incorporação da HAp e β-TCP no cimento ósseo wollastonita/brushita

“…A HAp é um fosfato de cálcio hidratado do grupo mineral das apatitas de fórmula química Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 e razão Ca/P igual a 1,67 [26,27]. Pode-se destacar também o fosfato tricálcico-TCP (Ca3(PO4)2) um biomaterial de grande importância, pois, como todos os fosfatos de cálcio, apresenta similaridade com a fase mineral de ossos e dentes; além de sua excelente biocompatibilidade; bioatividade e ausência de toxicidade local [28]. Sua utilização como biomaterial tem uma grande área de aplicação, pois, já foi empregado com sucesso no preenchimento de defeitos e extensão de contornos do tecido ósseo [29,30], bem como em sistemas de liberação controlada de fármacos.…”