D-Q Frame Impedance Modeling of Modular Multilevel Converter and Its Application in High-Frequency Resonance Analysis

Zhu, Shouzhen; Liu, Kaipei; Liao, Xiaofeng; Qin, Liang; Huai, Qing; Xu, Yi; Li, Yuye; Wang, Fangzhou

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2020.3010873

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The MMC model in multiple dq frames used in this paper is capable to represent the converter's internal dynamics and it is suitable for small-signal stability analyses where low-frequency interactions are to be assessed. • In comparison to models based on dynamic phasors [7], [12], [13], [42]- [44], where a higher number of internal harmonics of the MMC are considered, the adopted model in multiple dq frames is indeed less precise, and it could lead to some small inaccuracies if extremely welltuned controllers are desired for example. Nonetheless, the adopted model is easier to implement and it is accurate enough to perform a small-signal stability analysis as demonstrated in this paper, where the model was used for both impedance-based and eigenvalue-based analyses, and precise results were obtained, which agreed with the EMT simulation results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, despite the challenges in obtaining an LTI model for the MMC, many different approaches have been recently reported in the literature to achieve this goal [5]- [15], [41]- [47]. The most adopted modeling strategies are based on the harmonic state space (HSS) [5], [6], [8]- [10], dynamic phasors [7], [12], [13], [42]- [44] or multiple dq frames [14], [45]- [47]. Each of these modeling approaches presents different complexity and accuracy levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, as far as the authors know, the usage of the eigenvalue-based method to assess possible interactions among an MMC-based HVDC system, other nearby converters and the grid is a trending topic with very few works available in the literature. Most of the works reported in the literature adopt the impedancebased approach to analyze interactions of the MMC-based HVDC and the grid [5], [6], [8], [9], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State Space Modeling of an Offshore Wind Power Plant With an MMC-HVDC Connection for an Eigenvalue-Based Stability Analysis

et al. 2022

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Large offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) installed far from the coastline are emerging to benefit from the strong and steady wind resources available at these locations. The high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission system based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) is the most appropriate solution to transmit the produced energy to the onshore grid, in a way that a complex power-electronic-based electrical system is formed at the OWPP. Undesired interactions can occur between the MMC-based HVDC station, the several wind-turbine (WT) converters, and the passive elements of the offshore grid. To guarantee a safe and reliable operation of the OWPP, a small-signal analysis must be performed in advance to predict possible unstable situations and their root causes, in a way as to take corrective measures to avoid them. In this paper, a state space model of an OWPP is developed in which a recently proposed model in multiple dq frames is adopted for the MMC. With the developed model, an eigenvalue-based stability assessment is carried out, where participation factors are calculated to identify the main contributors to the unstable modes that appear as a consequence of undesired low-frequency interactions at the offshore grid. As far as the authors know, an eigenvalue-based stability assessment of an OWPP with an MMC-HVDC connection is a topic rarely or never explored in the literature before and, thus, this is the main contribution of this paper. An adaptation to the MMC state space model is proposed so that the converter's dynamics in grid-forming mode can be represented, and this is another contribution of this paper. Finally, various studies are presented to prove that the adopted approximated MMC model is accurate enough for small-signal stability analyses.INDEX TERMS Power-electronic-based power system, small-signal stability analysis, HVDC transmission system, modular multilevel converter, offshore wind power plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State Space Modeling of an Offshore Wind Power Plant With an MMC-HVDC Connection for an Eigenvalue-Based Stability Analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Given the wide application of Modular multilevel converter (MMC) in high voltage direct current (HVDC) projects, the time delay in MMC controller inevitably leads to stability problems in practical projects [1], such as 550Hz oscillation at DC side of Xiamen (Fujian, China) project, 1270Hz oscillation in Luxi (Yunnan, China) project and 700Hz and 1.8kHz in Yue HVDC project (Hubei, China) [1,2]. Hence, it is of significant importance to analyze the mechanism of high-frequency oscillation and develop strategy to suppress impact of this phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the impedance analysis based method [2][3][4] and eigenvalue based method [5,6] are the main approaches to analyze MMC high-frequency oscillation. Although the physical meaning is clear and the modeling process is simple in impedance based method, the stability evaluation is not intuitive in some cases, and parameter changes cause difficulty in stability analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Resonance Analysis and Stabilization Control Strategy of MMC Based on Eigenvalue Method

et al. 2021

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For the high-frequency resonant accident of modular multilevel converter (MMC) in real engineering, in this paper, the 10th order state-space model of MMC is established based on the dynamic phasor method. The state-space model of MMC controller for power control is established according to the practical engineering. Then the time delay of input and output is considered in the controller, and the Pade fitting in state-space model applicable to the eigenvalue method is introduced to the complete state space model of MMC. Based on the proposed model, the MMC high-frequency resonance phenomenon is analyzed by the eigenvalue method, and the accuracy of the model is verified by simulation results. Besides, it is demonstrated that high time delay causes high-frequency resonance in the MMC system based on the participation factor and the system eigenvalue trajectory. Then, the coupling relationship between the input and output time delay inside the controller and the d-q axis time delay is investigated, and a new time delay compensation method to suppress high-frequency resonance is proposed based on Pade fitting, which can be used jointly with the traditional method with good effect.

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Modular Multilevel Converters: Key Features, Control Strategies and Main Challenges

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Linaro

et al. 2022

Modular Multilevel Converter Modelling and Simulation for HVDC Systems

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D-Q Frame Impedance Modeling of Modular Multilevel Converter and Its Application in High-Frequency Resonance Analysis

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

State Space Modeling of an Offshore Wind Power Plant With an MMC-HVDC Connection for an Eigenvalue-Based Stability Analysis

State Space Modeling of an Offshore Wind Power Plant With an MMC-HVDC Connection for an Eigenvalue-Based Stability Analysis

High-Frequency Resonance Analysis and Stabilization Control Strategy of MMC Based on Eigenvalue Method

Modular Multilevel Converters: Key Features, Control Strategies and Main Challenges

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