DAD-6: A 6-ltem Version of the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale Which May Differentiate Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Controls

Rotrou, J. de; Wu, Ya-Huei; Hugonot‐Diener, Laurence; Thomas‐Antérion, Catherine; Vidal, Jean‐Sébastien; Plichart, Matthieu; Rigaud, Anne‐Sophie; Hanon, Olivier

doi:10.1159/000338232

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…[ 2 ] was reported without specific cutoff values or with a combination of Petersen and Winblad criteria. Mean Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) [ 35 ] scores ranged from 23.1 [ 36 ] to 28.7 points [ 37 ] for MCI samples, from 26.5 [ 36 ] to 29.4 points [ 30 , 38 ] for normal control samples and from 16.4 [ 39 ] to 25.5 points [ 40 ] for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) samples. In each examined study, however, the MMSE score for the MCI group was lower than that for the comparative control group and higher than that for the dementia sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review

et al. 2015

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IntroductionThere is a growing body of evidence that subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) may be present in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is not clear if there are IADL domains that are consistently affected across patients with MCI. In this systematic review, therefore, we aimed to summarize research results regarding the performance of MCI patients in specific IADL (sub)domains compared with persons who are cognitively normal and/or patients with dementia.MethodsThe databases PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature in December 2013. Publications from 1999 onward were considered for inclusion. Altogether, 497 articles were retrieved. Reference lists of selected articles were searched for potentially relevant articles. After screening the abstracts of these 497 articles, 37 articles were included in this review.ResultsIn 35 studies, IADL deficits (such as problems with medication intake, telephone use, keeping appointments, finding things at home and using everyday technology) were documented in patients with MCI. Financial capacity in patients with MCI was affected in the majority of studies. Effect sizes for group differences between patients with MCI and healthy controls were predominantly moderate to large. Performance-based instruments showed slight advantages (in terms of effect sizes) in detecting group differences in IADL functioning between patients with MCI, patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy controls.ConclusionIADL requiring higher neuropsychological functioning seem to be most severely affected in patients with MCI. A reliable identification of such deficits is necessary, as patients with MCI with IADL deficits seem to have a higher risk of converting to dementia than patients with MCI without IADL deficits. The use of assessment tools specifically designed and validated for patients with MCI is therefore strongly recommended. Furthermore, the development of performance-based assessment instruments should be intensified, as they allow a valid and reliable assessment of subtle IADL deficits in MCI, even if a proxy is not available. Another important point to consider when designing new scales is the inclusion of technology-associated IADL. Novel instruments for clinical practice should be time-efficient and easy to administer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review

et al. 2015

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“…However, the studies investigating the needs in relation to robot use to support older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are sparse. MCI is associated with impairments in complex instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), for example, finances and medication management, which are dependent on memory and executive functioning (de Rotrou et al, 2012;Schmitter-Edgecombe, Woo, & Greeley, 2009;Yeh et al, 2011). It was suggested that individuals with MCI have the potential to benefit from technologies that would assist them with IADL completion.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Attitudes and Perceptions of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment Toward an Assistive Robot

et al. 2014

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The purpose of this study was to explore perceived difficulties and needs of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and their attitudes toward an assistive robot to develop appropriate robot functionalities. Twenty subjects were recruited to participate in either a focus group or an interview. Findings revealed that although participants reported difficulties in managing some of their daily activities, they did not see themselves as needing assistance. Indeed, they considered that they were capable of coping with difficulties with some compensatory strategies. They therefore declared that they did not need or want a robot for the moment but that they considered it potentially useful either for themselves in the future or for other older adults suffering from frailty, loneliness, and disability. Factors underlying unwillingness to adopt an assistive robot were discussed. These issues should be carefully addressed in the design and diffusion processes of an assistive robot.

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“…Le souci d'améliorer ce diagnostic précoce a été à l'origine d'un travail sur la DAD, qui a consisté en la validation d'une version abrégée : la DAD-6 [25]. Les résultats de la validation de la DAD-6 étant publiés, nous n'en donnons ici qu'un bref résumé.…”

Section: Dad-6 : Version Abrégée De La Dad (Disability Assessment Forunclassified

DAD-6: an abbreviated version of the DAD scale (disability assessment for dementia) An instrument for detection of loss of autonomy at an early stage

Rotrou

Djabelkhir

et al. 2014

Gériatrie Et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Viellissement

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Cet article présente la version franç aise de la DAD-6, un outil validé dans l'évaluation des capacités à réaliser les IADL (instrumental activities of daily living) ou activités intentionnelles et complexes de la vie quotidienne. L'évaluation du degré de perte d'autonomie demeure un critère majeur de différenciation entre trouble cognitif léger, démence et sujets normaux. Il existe plusieurs échelles évaluant les IADL, mais la vérification de leurs propriétés psychométriques s'est souvent révélée insuffisante. C'est dans un contexte d'amélioration du diagnostic précoce de la démence que la DAD-6 a été conç ue. Cet outil est fondé sur la mise en exergue des fonctions cognitives requises dans la réalisation des IADL et essentiellement les fonctions exécutives. Le travail actuel montre la fidélité de l'outil. Une utilisation du questionnaire avec les mêmes informants par un neurologue et deux neuropsychologues, séparément, ont montré une excellente concordance entre les différents évaluateurs (alpha de Krippendorff > 0,80). Le présent travail a aussi permis d'identifier et de classer les principaux biais inhérents aux évaluations subjectives. Les auteurs proposent de clarifier les liens théoriques entre fonctions cognitives et IADL et suggèrent une définition précise des IADL. Ils soulignent l'intérêt d'une évaluation des IADL par des professionnels formés à la neuropsychologie.Mots clés : fonctions exécutives, IADL, activités de vie quotidienne, perte d'autonomie Abstract. This paper presents the French version of DAD-6, a validated instrument for the assessment of IADL (instrumental activities of daily living) considered as intentional and complex activities. A loss of autonomy remains a major criterion in the diagnosis of dementia. In addition, IADL assessment is recommended as a primary outcome in dementia drug trials. Since the publication in 1969 by Lawton and Brody of an IADL scale, manyinstruments have been developed. However, their psychometric properties remain to be improved. The need for improving the early diagnosis yielded to the design of DAD-6, an instrument allowing capturing subtle difficulties in IADL management. The DAD-6 scale emphasizes the role of the cognitive function, mainly the executive function in early IADL impairment. DAD-6 requires the participation of an informant (a patient's proxy). Relative to patients' self-reports or performance-based methods, informant-based questionnaires are the most common and practical methods used in memory clinics. In previous work, DAD-6 score gradually decreased with increasing severity of the cognitive status. The present work shows the inter-rater reliability of DAD-6. The use of the scale with the same informants by one neurologist and two neuropsychologists, separately, indicated a high agreement between raters (alpha of Krippendorff > 0.80).This work also highlights the main sources of bias in the context of evaluation based on subjective judgement. The authors stress the necessity of: 1 -a clarification of the relationship between cognitive funct...

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DAD-6: A 6-ltem Version of the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale Which May Differentiate Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Controls

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review

Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review

The Attitudes and Perceptions of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment Toward an Assistive Robot

DAD-6: an abbreviated version of the DAD scale (disability assessment for dementia) An instrument for detection of loss of autonomy at an early stage

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