Dados normativos para o teste de fluência verbal categoria animais em nosso meio

RESUMO: O b j e t i v o:Estimar a influência da baixa escolaridade e do analfabetismo na avaliação das demências através da aplicação da Escala de Mattis para Avaliação de Demência (MDRS). Método: Aplicouse a MDRS em 62 idosos normais (64-77 anos), divididos em cinco grupos, segundo a escolaridade: 15-16 anos, 11-12 anos, 8-9 anos, 4 anos, analfabetos. A MDRS abrange o estudo de 36 itens distribuídos em cinco subescalas, sendo que a soma pode representar o grau de comprometimento cognitivo. R e s u l t a d o s: Observou-se diferença significativa (p<0,05) na escala, no desempenho entre os grupos quanto a escolaridade, em 12 dos itens, nas cinco subescalas ( analfabetos< os demais grupos e os de 15-16 anos> que os de 4 e/ou 8 anos de escolaridade, p≤0,001)e no total de pontos da MDRS (analfabetos 4 and 8 years of schooling, p≤0.001) and the total MDRS score (illiterates< all others and 4 and 8 years < 15-16 years, p <0.001). No significant correlations where found for age and, regarding gender, the differences were significant in only one item Conclusion: Education interfered with individual performance on the MDRS. Illiteracy is a determinant factor of lower MDRS scores that could generate diagnostic errors.

Section: Discussionunclassified

Influência da escolaridade na avaliação neuropsicológica de idosos: aplicação e análise dos resultados da Escala de Mattis para Avaliação de Demência (Mattis Dementia Rating Scale - MDRS)

Foss

Vale

Speciali

2005

“…schizophrenia, bipolar mood disorder or lifetime depressive disorder), non-corrected visual or auditory disorders, exposure to neurotoxic substances and cranioencephalic traumatism were excluded from the study. The cognitive assessment included the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) 14 , Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 15 , semantic verbal fluency (category animals) 16,17 , Trail Making Tests (TMT) A and B 18 and the 12-item-Boston Naming Test 19 . Behavioral evaluation was assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) 20,21 .…”

Section: Clinical and Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

Sudo

Alves

et al. 2010

Objective: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is associated with cognitive deficits. This crosssectional study examines differences among healthy elderly controls and patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) and vascular dementia (VaD) in performances on CAMCOG subscales. Method: Elderly individuals (n=61) were divided into 3 groups, according to cognitive and neuroimaging status: 16 controls, 20 VaMCI and 25 VaD. VaMCI and VaD individuals scored over 4 points on the Hachinski Ischemic Scale. Results: Significant differences in total CAMCOG scores were observed across the three groups (p<0.001). VaD subjects performed worse than those with VaMCI in most CAMCOG subscales (p<0.001). All subscales showed differences between controls and VaD (p<0.001). Performance on abstract thinking showed difference between VaMCI and controls (p<0.001). Vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) can be defined as a cognitive impairment of vascular etiology that does not fulfill criteria for dementia 1 . It has been proposed that vascular-related cognitive impairment exists throughout a continuum comprising VaMCI, vascular cognitive impairment no-dementia (Va-CIND) and vascular dementia (VaD) 2 . In a sample of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) patients with cognitive difficulties, Wentzel et al. 3 reported a 50% rate of conversion to dementia over a five-year period. The early detection of VaM-CI may allow therapeutic intervention designed to halt or delay the progression of vascular lesions so as to prevent the conversion to dementia 4,5 . Presently, the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) requires improvement in the sensitivity of conventional screening tests for dementia, since the rate of false-negative results is usually high for those individuals 6,7 . Studies attempting to increase such sensitivity have shown that a combination of different screening tests provides higher diagnostic accuracy compared to each test individually 8,9 . Diniz et al. 7 analyzed Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) subtests in a sample of MCI subjects and managed to identify distinct profiles of cognitive deficits among the MCI subtypes. A higher rate of patients with MCI could be identified when the item scores were analyzed, which was not possible when only MMSE final scores were considered. ROC curve analyses were performed to determinate cutoff scores in the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) for MCI patients, but discrimination between MCI subjects and controls with this method showed low accuracy 10 . ConclusionIt was suggested that some cognitive domains might be specifically impaired in MCI subjects and these aspects could serve as differential markers to distinguish this condition from normal aging. Rodríguez et al. found that individuals diagnosed as MCI performed significantly worse than controls in CAMCOG subtests assessing various areas, with higher significance levels corresponding to the variables memory, abstract thinking and executive function 11 . In a previous study, Erkinjuntii et al. observed im...

“…These findings corroborate those of our study. On the other hand, Banhato and Nascimento 28 found no difference between participantLanguage performance was impaired in both groups; once more, intragroup comparison showed that Group 1 individuals were the most impaired and the performance in semantic fluency (Animals), an average of 8.7 and 11.9 for Groups 1 and 2, respectively, was inferior to the results found by other Brazilian studies using healthy adults 29,30 . OstroskySolis et al 4 studied the relation of the EL of normal subjects aged 16 to 85 years and education ranging from illiterate to four years of schooling and found no difference between them in the phonological fluency test (FAS) while Mansur et al 31 in a study using the Boston Naming Test, concluded that the lower the EL, the worse the performance to name.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Low educational level effects on the performance of healthy adults on a Neuropsychological Protocol suggested by the Commission on Neuropsychology of the Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia

Santos

Tudesco

Caboclo

et al. 2011

Objective: To assess cognitive measures and impact of education on cognitive performance (CP) of low educational levels healthy adults (LELHA) on a Neuropsychological Protocol (NP) suggested by the Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia. Method: 138 subjects from an Education Program for Adults divided into two, age and gender matched groups of 69 subjects, answered the NP: Group 1 (mean of 6.9±2.95 months of formal education) and Group 2, 47.8±10 months. Data were compared as z-scores. Results: The mean IQ was 77.1±5.50 and 79.4±3.30 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (p=0.001). Both performed below the normal curve and Group 1 worse than 2. CP correlated with schooling, especially executive functions (54.1% vs 36.2%) and language (52.9% vs 25.7%). Conclusion: LELHA showed significant cognitive impairment in verbal and visuospatial areas. If these results had been obtained in epilepsy patients they would be interpreted as global cognitive impairment. Key words: neuropsychological evaluation, neuropsychological protocol, low educational levels, Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia.Efeitos de baixo nível de escolaridade no desempenho de adultos saudáveis em um protocolo neuropsicológico sugerido pela Comissão de Neuropsicologia da Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho cognitivo e o impacto do nível de educação formal em indivíduos adultos saudáveis com baixa escolaridade (IASBE) em um protocolo neuropsicológico (PN) sugerido pela Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia. Método: 138 indivíduos do programa EJA -Educação para Jovens e Adultos, divididos em 2 grupos de 69 sujeitos pareados por idade e sexo (6,9±2,95 vs 47,8±10 meses de escolaridade) responderam ao PN. Dados foram convertidos em z-scores. Resultados: O QI médio foi 77,1±5,50 e 79,4±3,30 nos Grupos 1 e 2, respectivamente (p=0,001). Ambos tiveram resultados abaixo da curva normal e o Grupo 1 mostrou pior desempenho do que o 2, especialmente nas funções executivas (54,1% vs 36,2%) e linguagem (52,9% vs 25,7%). Conclusão: IASBE apresentaram comprometimento cognitivo tanto em tarefas verbais como visuoespaciais. Se estes resultados tivessem sido obtidos em pacientes com epilepsia seriam interpretados como indicativos de disfunção cognitiva global. Palavras-Chave: avaliação neuropsicológica, protocolo neuropsicológico, baixo nível de escolaridade, Liga Brasileira de Epilepsia.