Dairy Farm Management when Nutrient Runoff and Climate Emissions Count

Lötjönen, Sanna; Temmes, Esa; Ollikainen, Markku

doi:10.1002/ajae.12003

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Unified here means that a policy instrument is the same despite the initial soil nutrient levels or the soil textures of the site. This is in line with the previous literature (Helfand & House, 1995; Lötjönen et al, 2020; Shortle et al, 1998). Based on our results we can conclude that a mixed policy instrument, where the static tax‐subsidy‐schemes are used with a dynamic subsidy for gypsum application would lead to outcome with almost‐zero welfare loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…First, and most importantly, large nutrient legacy stores are often in areas with high livestock density, and the spatial differentiation of crop and livestock production is often the underlying cause of the high nutrient legacies (Svanbäck et al, 2019). We could extend the model to include manure as an input, but then we should also consider a spatial dimension, because in such a case transport costs become essential future of the problem (Lötjönen et al, 2020; Sharara et al, 2017). Second, we ignored the impacts of climate change, which may have significant influence on agricultural productivity and the externalities on the long run (Gornall et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of legacy nutrient stores through nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, catch crops, and gypsum treatment

Sihvonen

Lintunen

Валкама

et al. 2020

Natural Resource Modeling

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We develop a modeling framework, based on discrete‐time dynamic optimization, to study the effect of legacy nutrient stores and soil nutrient dynamics on optimal nutrient management and agri‐environmental policy in crop production. Three alternative measures are studied to reduce nutrient loss: reduced fertilization, nonlegume catch crop cultivation and gypsum amendment. According to our results, landowner can bring down excessively high phosphorus stocks causing environmental damage within decades, by simultaneous optimization of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the economic basis of profit maximization. Our results suggest that nitrogen loss abatement with catch crops is socially optimal, whereas the use of gypsum is well justified as a temporary measure on soils with high soil phosphorus levels. A dynamic tax‐subsidy‐scheme, which takes into account the current soil nutrient levels and field attributes such as soil texture, can enforce the socially optimal outcome. The welfare losses of the static steady‐state‐based tax‐subsidy‐schemes are increasing functions of the legacy nutrient stores and soil's ability to hold nutrients. Recommendations for Resource Managers We develop a modeling framework to study the effect of the legacy nutrient stores and the soil nutrient dynamics on the optimal nutrient management and agri‐environmental policy in crop production. Nonlegume catch crop cultivation is a socially optimal long‐term measure for nitrogen loss abatement, whereas phosphorus loss abatement with gypsum is socially optimal on soils with high soil phosphorus levels. A dynamic tax‐subsidy‐scheme, which is adjusted annually according to the soil nutrient stocks, leads to social optimum. Although this can be difficult to implement in practice, it can be useful in the derivation of the simpler, static tax‐subsidy‐schemes. If a gypsum subsidy is paid for those years, where the soil P level is above the threshold level for the gypsum application, the welfare loss of the static steady‐state‐based tax‐subsidy‐schemes is almost zero. Simultaneous adjustment of the N and P fertilizer rates enables the use of simple, static and soil‐texture‐ignorant tax‐subsidy schemes, without a notable social welfare loss

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of legacy nutrient stores through nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, catch crops, and gypsum treatment

Sihvonen

Lintunen

Валкама

et al. 2020

Natural Resource Modeling

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“…Provided that nutrient content in manure can be impacted by changing animal diet, manure creates a link between decisions concerning livestock and cultivation. Once this link is missing, livestock production and cultivation become entirely separate production lines (see Lötjönen et al 2020 for the proof). Our focus here is on linking agricultural decision-making in crop and livestock production to GHG emissions and showing how private farmers can be impacted by climate policies.…”

Section: Mitigation From An Economic and Policy Angle: A Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our focus here is on linking agricultural decision-making in crop and livestock production to GHG emissions and showing how private farmers can be impacted by climate policies. We adopt our approach from Lötjönen et al (2020).…”

Section: Mitigation From An Economic and Policy Angle: A Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We now take a step forward and provide a heuristic analytical framework to facilitate our discussion of measures and especially economic instruments. This framework is a shortened and simplified version of the full livestock model developed by Lötjönen et al (2020). Let H denote the number of livestock and ΩH the net revenue from selling livestock products (milk or beef), while i(H) denotes investment and other costs from barn, manure management and other facilities.…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change mitigation and agriculture: measures, costs and policies – A literature review

Ollikainen¹,

Lankoski

Lötjönen³

2020

AFSci

Self Cite

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We review the literature on climate change mitigation in agriculture with a focus on the use of climate policy instruments to incentivize the adoption of greenhouse gas mitigation measures. We develop an economic model characterizing the production decisions in animal and crop production farms and link our discussion on policy instruments to them. We review mitigation measures and their cost-effectiveness in reducing emissions. Given the multiple sources of agricultural emissions, the literature finds carbon taxes and emissions trading to perform best. The challenges involved in measuring and verifying changes in emissions make the implementation of policies targeting all sources of emissions difficult. Second-best policies addressing a subset of emissions, such as those from ruminants or mineral fertilizers, are more feasible but less efficient. Carbon sequestration in arable soils, while technically promising, faces the problems of heterogeneity in sequestration capacity, measurement, verification and permanence of sequestration. The variation of estimates on emissions reduction, abatement costs and differences in model simulations is large. A better basis for policy designs is needed.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Struvite Precipitation from Anaerobically Digested Dairy Manure: A Wisconsin Perspective

Temizel-Sekeryan

Hicks

2020

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Recovering valuable nutrients (e.g., P and N) from waste materials has been extensively investigated at the laboratory scale. Although it has been shown that struvite precipitation from several manure sources contributes to nutrient management practices by recovering valuable nutrients and preventing them from reaching water bodies, it has not been widely applied in commercial (i.e., farm) scales. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of the struvite recovery process from the liquid portion of the anaerobically digested dairy cow manure generated in Wisconsin, USA, dairy farms using life cycle assessment methodology for both bench-and farm-scale scenarios. The struvite precipitation process involves the use of additional chemicals and energy; therefore, investigating upstream impacts is crucial to evaluate the environmental costs and benefits of this additional treatment process. Results indicate that up to a 78% impact decrease in eutrophication potential can be achieved when P and N are recovered in the form of struvite and are applied in lieu of conventional fertilizers, rather than using the liquid portion of the anaerobically digested dairy manure as a fertilizer. Additionally, significant differences are identified in the majority of environmental impact categories when the struvite precipitation process is modeled and evaluated in a farm-scale setting. Future work should expand to evaluate the overall environmental impacts and trade-offs of struvite recovery application, including the anaerobic digestion system itself at the farm scale.

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Dairy Farm Management when Nutrient Runoff and Climate Emissions Count

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Management of legacy nutrient stores through nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, catch crops, and gypsum treatment

Management of legacy nutrient stores through nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, catch crops, and gypsum treatment

Climate change mitigation and agriculture: measures, costs and policies – A literature review

Life Cycle Assessment of Struvite Precipitation from Anaerobically Digested Dairy Manure: A Wisconsin Perspective

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