Dairy processing

Uses of the Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Agro-Industrial Processes

“…In primary transformation, the selection, crushing, separation, isolation, concentration, or drying of the product or products of interest usually predominate. The sugar factories made from sugar cane or sugar beet [6], the traditional dairy industry were powdered, evaporated, or condensed milk is produced (whole, defatted or lactose-free) [7], or the slaughter of cattle meat [8] or industries that produce concentrated juices or condiments and canned foods are examples of industries where these operations of physicochemical transformation of raw materials from agriculture, aquaculture and livestock, into products prevail.…”

Compositional analysis of dairy side streams and assessment of their applicability as diafiltration media

“…Current approaches of the dairy sector mainly aim at the reuse of such side streams as purified water to reduce freshwater consumption and effluent load. However, the applied different technological set‐ups to achieve the required purity also entail additional processing effort and energy consumption (Van Asselt and Weeks 2013; Galvão 2018; Chamberland et al . 2020; Pires et al .…”

“…Current approaches of the dairy sector mainly aim at the reuse of such side streams as purified water to reduce freshwater consumption and effluent load. However, the applied different technological set-ups to achieve the required purity also entail additional processing effort and energy consumption (Van Asselt and Weeks 2013;Galvão 2018;Chamberland et al 2020;Pires et al 2021). The direct utilisation of aqueous side streams, for example diafiltration (DF) medium during microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF) of skim milk to obtain the proteins in fractionated form, could result in a more sustainable state of processing (Van Asselt and Weeks 2013).…”

“…However, the applied different technological set-ups to achieve the required purity also entail additional processing effort and energy consumption (Van Asselt and Weeks 2013;Galvão 2018;Chamberland et al 2020;Pires et al 2021). The direct utilisation of aqueous side streams, for example diafiltration (DF) medium during microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF) of skim milk to obtain the proteins in fractionated form, could result in a more sustainable state of processing (Van Asselt and Weeks 2013). Within these standard dairy unit operations, smaller constituents like lactose and, in the case of MF, whey proteins are washed out in a DF process to obtain milk protein isolates (total milk protein or fractionated whey proteins and micellar casein) (De Boer 2014).…”