Dam Breach Modeling Technology

Singh, Vijay Pratap

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8747-1

Cited by 183 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…From this formula it was possible to calculate the outflow through a levee breach as a function of the water levels of river and polder as well as the breach dimensions. However, for the temporal and spatial breach development at the two breach locations no functional relationship could be found due to the very complex breach mechanism and the high variability in the factors influencing the breach development (Singh, 1996). We therefore treated the breach dimension as an uncertainty source in the uncertainty analysis.…”

Section: Levee Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood risk assessment and associated uncertainty

Apel

Thieken

Merz

et al. 2004

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

448

352

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Abstract. Flood disaster mitigation strategies should be based on a comprehensive assessment of the flood risk combined with a thorough investigation of the uncertainties associated with the risk assessment procedure. Within the "German Research Network of Natural Disasters" (DFNK) the working group "Flood Risk Analysis" investigated the flood process chain from precipitation, runoff generation and concentration in the catchment, flood routing in the river network, possible failure of flood protection measures, inundation to economic damage. The working group represented each of these processes by deterministic, spatially distributed models at different scales. While these models provide the necessary understanding of the flood process chain, they are not suitable for risk and uncertainty analyses due to their complex nature and high CPU-time demand. We have therefore developed a stochastic flood risk model consisting of simplified model components associated with the components of the process chain. We parameterised these model components based on the results of the complex deterministic models and used them for the risk and uncertainty analysis in a Monte Carlo framework. The Monte Carlo framework is hierarchically structured in two layers representing two different sources of uncertainty, aleatory uncertainty (due to natural and anthropogenic variability) and epistemic uncertainty (due to incomplete knowledge of the system). The model allows us to calculate probabilities of occurrence for events of different magnitudes along with the expected economic damage in a target area in the first layer of the Monte Carlo framework, i.e. to assess the economic risks, and to derive uncertainty bounds associated with these risks in the second layer. It is also possible to identify the contributions of individual sources of uncertainty to the overall uncertainty. It could be shown that the uncertainty caused by epistemic sources significantly alters the results obtained with aleatory uncertainty alone. The model was applied to reaches of the river Rhine downstream of Cologne.

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Section: Levee Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Flood risk assessment and associated uncertainty

Apel

Thieken

Merz

et al. 2004

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

448

352

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…One method relies on regression equations that relate observed peak discharge to some measure of the impounded water volume: depth, volume, or some combination thereof [e.g., Evans, 1986;. The other method employs computer implementation of a physically based model of breach formation and lake drainage (see, e.g., summaries by Fread [1989] and Singh [1996]). Regression relations are expedient but generally provide no better than order-of-magnitude predictions of probable peak discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for predicting peak discharge of floods caused by failure of natural and constructed earthen dams

Walder¹,

O’Connor²

1997

Water Resources Research

315

219

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that may be poorly known, especially for natural dams. We will show that the essential kinematics of breach formation and hydraulics of flow through a breach can be summarized in a physical model that leads to a computationally simple, essentially graphical method of predicting peak discharge from breaching of an earthen dam. Our method "predicts" peak discharges that agree well with observational data from past dam failures and involves no arbitrarily adjustable parameters.The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: We first discuss briefly the diverse characteristics of earthen dams. We then present and critically assess regression equations relating peak discharge (

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“…The sketch of flow over a trapezoidal weir and is shown in Figure 3 [26] Where g is the acceleration of gravity, ( H ) is head over the breach and (f) is the breach shape factor. Another equation for calculating the discharge of the breach channel during the overtopping failure is introduced [28][29] …”

Section: Broad Weir Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%