Damage detection in ACSR cables based on ultrasonic guided waves

Mijarez, Rito; Baltazar, Arturo; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Joaquín H; Ramírez-Niño, José

doi:10.15446/dyna.v81n186.40252

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Energy spectra depend significantly on the energy variations in different scenarios, for example, attenuations during propagations or changes in the waveform. The wavelet transform (WT) is an effective tool to address the general problem of time–frequency analysis to identify the rapidly varying characteristics of some dispersive wave signals [ 51 , 52 ]. Wavelet analysis is a multi-resolution method used to explore the energy distribution in the time–frequency spectrum.…”

Section: Wavelet Energy Entropy Signal Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Detection in Steel Tubes Using Guided Wave Energy Leakage

Mijarez

2023

Sensors

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A study that evaluated the use of ultrasonic-guided waves to detect water in hollow pipes is presented. In this work, a guided wave system employed a 40 kHz piezoelectric (PZT) transmitter and a PZT ultrasound transducer. The transmitter was based on a battery-operated microcontroller, and the receiver was composed of a digital signal processor (DSP) module connected to a PC via a USB for monitoring purposes. The transmitter and receiver were attached, non-intrusively without perfect alignment, to the external wall of a steel tube 1 m × 270 mm × 2 mm in size. Flood detection was performed based on guided wave attenuation due to energy leakage from the internal steel wall of the tube to water. Two approaches were carried out. The former was an off-line signal response based on the wavelet energy entropy analysis of a received pulse; the latter was a real-time hit-and-miss analysis centered on measuring the time–space in-between two transmitted pulses. Experiments performed in the laboratory successfully identified flooded tubes.

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Section: Wavelet Energy Entropy Signal Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Detection in Steel Tubes Using Guided Wave Energy Leakage

Mijarez

2023

Sensors

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“…Ultrasonic guided wave (UGW)-based nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are increasingly being used to inspect various multi-wire cables given their high sensitivity, long-range inspection, and full cross-sectional coverage properties. Many studies [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] related to guided wave dispersion properties, propagation characterization, signal processing methods, and wire breakage detection in multi-wire cables have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Guided Wave Propagation in a Multi-Wire Cable

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range propagation ability. However, the mechanical coupling of multi-wire structures complicates the propagation behaviors of guided waves and signal interpretation. In this paper, UGW propagation in these waveguides is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally from the perspective of dispersion and wave structure, contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), and wave energy transfer. Although the performance of all possible propagating wave modes in a multi-wire cable at different frequencies could be obtained by dispersion analysis, it is ineffective to analyze the frequency behaviors of the wave signals of a certain mode, which could be analyzed using the CAN effect. The CAN phenomenon of two mechanically coupled wires in contact was observed, which was demonstrated by numerical guided wave simulation and experiments. Additionally, the measured guided wave energy of wires located in different layers of an aluminum conductor steel-reinforced cable accords with the theoretical prediction. The model of wave energy distribution in different layers of a cable also could be used to optimize the excitation power of transducers and determine the effective monitoring range of SHM.

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“…The time-frequency representation (TRF) were adopted to separate the damage-reflected and boundary-reflected wave-packets and identify their individual wave mode, such as short-time Fourier transform (STFT) [5], wavelet transform [6,7], S transform [8] etc. However, because of the continuously evolving shape (increased duration and reduced amplitude) and modes overlapping in both the frequency and time domains, many of TFR techniques, limited by their time-frequency resolution, either lose effectiveness or lack sufficient accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method to analysis strong dispersive overlapping lamb-wave signatures

Li¹,

Liu²,

Lin³

2017

J. vibroeng.

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Dispersive propagation and overlapping wave modes are two main obstacles for guided Lamb wave SHM applications. In an effort to overcome such obstacles, a new signal-processing technique taking advantage order tracking based on dispersion relation, is developed. In this approach, by referencing the wave number-frequency function of specified mode, the operations of resampling and interpolating are performed on the frequency-spectral series of raw signal. The orders referenced to wave number-frequency are calculated, according to which the individual wave-packet is identified and its corresponding propagating distance is estimated. In the order domain, the overlapping modes are readily separated by Gabor expansion on the frequency-spectral series of raw signal. Numerical and FEM simulations on strongly dispersive and multimode overlapping guided waves were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach is effective in dispersion analysis, mode differentiation and overlapped wave-packets separation. techniques were applied including Wiener pulse shaping filter, two-sided Wiener filter, weighted least squares filter, Mendel's minimum variance deconvolution algorithm, Oldenburg's frequency domain deconvolution algorithm and L1-norm deconvolution [11,12]. Since the deconvolution methods were very sensitive to noises, they generally could be inapplicable if strong noise were present in the sensor signal. Furthermore, even with high time resolution, the method of pinpointing wave-packet arrival time maybe loses its effectiveness. That is because Lamb waves are inherently dispersive, i.e., different frequency components propagate at different speeds in a wave-packet, which cause wave-packets to spread out in space and time when they propagate through a structure so as to make the concept of arrival time ill-defined in time domain. To obtain well-defined onset-time of echoes, Chirplets based dispersion curve were employed to extract the onset-time of that single mode from multimode dispersive wave signal [13,14]. However, in the case of coherent interferences (false reflection) in the waveform, the Chirplet method may produce misleading results. To eliminate interference of false reflections, Ajay et al. [15] adopted an algorithm based on correlation analysis and matching pursuit method to estimate onset-time of echoes. But this method still has a deficiency in that the wave propagation model and baseline signal must be known.In an effort to overcome the difficulty of wave-packet identification caused by strong dispersion, researchers developed some signal-processing techniques to compensate for the dispersive nature of Lamb waves in long-range inspections. The time reversal technique and its improved methods [16][17][18][19] are used to achieve temporal recompression of Lamb waves under broadband signal excitation. Warped frequency transform [20] upwarps the dispersive signal, and then wraps TF points of the STFT of the signal to obtain a dispersion-m...

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Damage detection in ACSR cables based on ultrasonic guided waves

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Flood Detection in Steel Tubes Using Guided Wave Energy Leakage

Flood Detection in Steel Tubes Using Guided Wave Energy Leakage

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Guided Wave Propagation in a Multi-Wire Cable

A novel method to analysis strong dispersive overlapping lamb-wave signatures

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