2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.021
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Damage modes in 3D glass fiber epoxy woven composites under high rate of impact loading

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Cited by 63 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…As the main advantage of 3D woven composites is clearly their out-of-plane enhanced properties, many researchers for example (Ji et al 2007;Luo et al 2007;Hao et al 2008;Walter et al 2009;Gerlach et al 2012;Seltzer et al 2013;Umer et al 2016) studied the effect of the z-binding yarns on the impact damage behaviour and the energy absorption of those material systems. Impact testing in literature was classified based on the impact velocity to low (< 10 m/s) as reported in (Umer et al 2016), high (~20 to 50 m/s) as in (Ji et al 2007;Hao et al 2008) and ballistic (~900 m/s) as discussed in (Walter et al 2009).…”
Section: Impact/indentation Testingmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…As the main advantage of 3D woven composites is clearly their out-of-plane enhanced properties, many researchers for example (Ji et al 2007;Luo et al 2007;Hao et al 2008;Walter et al 2009;Gerlach et al 2012;Seltzer et al 2013;Umer et al 2016) studied the effect of the z-binding yarns on the impact damage behaviour and the energy absorption of those material systems. Impact testing in literature was classified based on the impact velocity to low (< 10 m/s) as reported in (Umer et al 2016), high (~20 to 50 m/s) as in (Ji et al 2007;Hao et al 2008) and ballistic (~900 m/s) as discussed in (Walter et al 2009).…”
Section: Impact/indentation Testingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Impact testing in literature was classified based on the impact velocity to low (< 10 m/s) as reported in (Umer et al 2016), high (~20 to 50 m/s) as in (Ji et al 2007;Hao et al 2008) and ballistic (~900 m/s) as discussed in (Walter et al 2009). Hao et al (Hao et al 2008) studied the behaviour of ORT woven glass fibre composite plate and T-beams subjected to quasi-static indentation and impact loadings.…”
Section: Impact/indentation Testingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3D woven composites have been shown to exhibit superior properties in the through-thickness direction when compared to 2D laminated composites [7]. The mode-I and mode-II fracture toughness have also been shown to increase due to z-fiber reinforcement [4,8,9], but under dynamic impact loading delamination continues to be a dominant damage mechanism [8,10]. Additional disadvantages associated with 3D woven composites include a decreased in-plane stiffness and strength as well as a loss of fatigue life [11].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This information is critical to optimize the mechanical performance as well as to develop accurate models to simulate the mechanical performance of 3D composites [5,6] and has been addressed in various investigations. For instance, Walter et al [7] studied the effect of strain rate in the out-of-plane behavior of 3D glass fiber composites using optical microscopy. They observed that z-yarns prevented delamination at low strain rates and low penetration depths, and the main damage mechanisms under these conditions were intratow and resin pockets cracking as well as fiber failure.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%