Damage to offshore oil and gas facilities following hurricanes Katrina and Rita: An overview

Cruz, Ana Maria; Elisabeth, Krausmann

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2008.04.008

Cited by 136 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Impacts to the energy industry threaten to disrupt energy production and distribution, while triggering hazardous chemical releases. In 2005, hurricanes Katrina and Rita destroyed more than 110 offshore oil platforms [ Minerals Management Service , ] while damaging a combined total of 457 energy pipelines [ Cruz and Krausmann , ]. Although these storms triggered hundreds of offshore hazardous‐materials releases [ Minerals Management Service , ], the highest‐impact releases occurred in the coastal zone, where the storm surge was particularly devastating.…”

Section: Western North Atlanticmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of tropical cyclone‐generated storm surges: Global data sources, observations, and impacts

Needham

Keim

Sathiaraj

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

251

115

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Tropical cyclone-generated storm surges are among the world's most deadly and destructive natural hazards. This paper provides the first comprehensive global review of tropical storm surge data sources, observations, and impacts while archiving data in SURGEDAT, a global database. Available literature has provided data for more than 700 surge events since 1880, the majority of which are found in the western North Atlantic (WNA), followed by Australia/Oceania, the western North Pacific (WNP), and the northern Indian Ocean (NIO). The Bay of Bengal (BOB) in the NIO consistently observes the world's highest surges, as this subbasin averages five surges ≥5 m per decade and has observed credible storm tide levels reaching 13.7 m. The WNP observes the highest rate of low-magnitude surges, as the coast of China averages 54 surges ≥1 m per decade, and rates are likely higher in the Philippines. The U.S. Gulf Coast observes the second highest frequency of both high-magnitude (≥5 m) and low-magnitude (≥1 m) surges. The BOB observes the most catastrophic surge impacts, as 59% of global tropical cyclones that have killed at least 5000 people occurred in this basin. The six deadliest cyclones in this region have each killed at least 140,000 people, and two events have killed 300,000. Storm surge impacts transportation, agriculture, and energy sectors in the WNA. Oceania experiences long-term impacts, including contamination of fresh water and loss of food supplies, although the highest surges in this region are lower than most other basins.

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Section: Western North Atlanticmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of tropical cyclone‐generated storm surges: Global data sources, observations, and impacts

Needham

Keim

Sathiaraj

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

251

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Natechs triggered by several natural hazards have been studied including by earthquakes (Lindell and Perry 1997), hurricanes (Cruz and Krausmann 2008), floods (Cozzani et al 2010), lightening , and tsunami (Krausmann and Cruz 2013). Natech accidents, which make up about 3% of all reported hazmat releases between 1990 and 2008 in the United States, were reported as the cause of a small fraction of human impacts in the country (Sengul et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Households’ Risk Perception and Behavioral Responses to Natech Accidents

Cruz

Hokugo

2017

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…A probabilistic model has estimated that a Category-3 hurricane can seriously damage 46% of Class I towers in a 50-turbine wind farm designed with the highest current wind standards outlined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) (Rose et al 2012). Hurricanes have disastrous effects on the energy infrastructure of the oil industry; in 2005, more than 100 oil-rig platforms were destroyed by hurricanes Katrina and Rita because of wave inundation and excessive wind loads (Cruz and Krausmann 2008). The destruction resulted from inadequate structural design for withstanding a weak Category-3 hurricane, much like the current wind-turbine design standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Large-Eddy Simulations to Define Spectral and Coherence Characteristics of the Hurricane Boundary Layer for Wind-Energy Applications

Worsnop

Bryan

Lundquist

et al. 2017

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Offshore wind-energy development is planned for regions where hurricanes commonly occur, such as the USA Atlantic Coast. Even the most robust wind-turbine design (IEC Class I) may be unable to withstand a Category-2 hurricane (hub-height wind speeds >50 m s −1 ). Characteristics of the hurricane boundary layer that affect the structural integrity of turbines, especially in major hurricanes, are poorly understood, primarily due to a lack of adequate observations that span typical turbine heights (<200 m above sea level). To provide these data, we use large-eddy simulations to produce wind profiles of an idealized Category-5 hurricane at high spatial (10 m) and temporal (0.1 s) resolution. By comparison with unique flight-level observations from a field project, we find that a relatively simple configuration of the Cloud Model I model accurately represents the properties of Hurricane Isabel (2003) in terms of mean wind speeds, wind-speed variances, and power spectra. Comparisons of power spectra and coherence curves derived from our hurricane simulations to those used in current turbine design standards suggest that adjustments to these standards may be needed to capture characteristics of turbulence seen within the simulated hurricane boundary layer. To enable improved design standards for wind turbines to withstand hurricanes, we suggest modifications to account for shifts in peak power to higher frequencies and greater spectral coherence at large separations.

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Damage to offshore oil and gas facilities following hurricanes Katrina and Rita: An overview

Cited by 136 publications

References 4 publications

A review of tropical cyclone‐generated storm surges: Global data sources, observations, and impacts

A review of tropical cyclone‐generated storm surges: Global data sources, observations, and impacts

Households’ Risk Perception and Behavioral Responses to Natech Accidents

Using Large-Eddy Simulations to Define Spectral and Coherence Characteristics of the Hurricane Boundary Layer for Wind-Energy Applications

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