Damp Heat, Temperature Cycling and UV Stress Testing of Encapsulated Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells

Cheacharoen, Rongrong; Bush, Kevin A.; Rolston, Nicholas; Harwood, Duncan; Dauskardt, Reinhold H.; McGehee, Michael D.

doi:10.1109/pvsc.2018.8547430

Cited by 11 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of the graphene barriers toward preventing the degradation of perovskite films, using an encapsulation scheme as shown in Figure . The use of a low-temperature-activating polyisobutylene (PIB) edge seal results in a high-quality encapsulation without causing degradation of the film and ensures that any small species ingress is through the barrier film being investigated. ,, Numerous papers already speculate an enhancement to the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) when encapsulated with graphene. , Graphene derivatives, including fluorine-doped nanoplatelets and graphene oxides, , have also been shown to increase the stability of PSCs. Various studies have also incorporated graphene into PSCs as an electrode material (due to the electrical conductivity of graphene) either in combination with or separate from barrier applications. , Nonetheless, the presence of grain boundaries and defects within chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene can provide numerous permeation pathways for species such as water and oxygen .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of a lowtemperature-activating polyisobutylene (PIB) edge seal results in a high-quality encapsulation without causing degradation of the film and ensures that any small species ingress is through the barrier film being investigated. 16,34,35 Numerous papers already speculate an enhancement to the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) when encapsulated with graphene. 4,36 Graphene derivatives, including fluorine-doped nanoplatelets 37 and graphene oxides, 38,39 have also been shown to increase the stability of PSCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stability of Perovskite Films Encapsulated in Single- and Multi-Layer Graphene Barriers

Runser

Kodur

Skaggs

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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This paper describes the efficacy of barrier films coated with single- and multi-layer graphene in preventing degradation of perovskite films in air. Despite the impermeability of graphene to small species such as water and oxygen, the presence of numerous grain boundaries and defects in chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene monolayer films can present pathways for permeation. However, the availability of these pathways can in principle be reduced by stacking multiple layers of graphene on top of each other. The barrier material considered here consists of the semi-permeable polymer parylene laminated with either 0, 1, 2, or 3 monolayers of graphene. These composite films are used to encapsulate triple cation perovskite films, which are then subjected to a degradation test under damp heat. We find that a monolayer of graphene confers a 15-fold reduction in degradation compared to the parylene films with no graphene and that three-layer graphene can yield a further 2× reduction in degradation. Although all of our films encapsulated with graphene/parylene exhibited substantial degradation compared to films encapsulated in glass with polyisobutylene edge seals, our results nonetheless reinforce the utility of graphene barriers for less demanding applications, including lightweight or flexible perovskite solar cells with shorter anticipated lifetimes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of Perovskite Films Encapsulated in Single- and Multi-Layer Graphene Barriers

Runser

Kodur

Skaggs

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…An alternative solution would be to use inorganic charge transport materials, which are beneficial in terms of their stability due to their basic properties. In addition, a densely formed inorganic layer can act as a diffusion barrier to prevent organics or iodine species escaping from the lattice and reacting with the top metal electrode [185,186]. It has been reported in the literature that a semi-transparent perovskite PV with a dense charge transport layer and a transparent electrode endured through thermal cycling, damp heat, and UV stress tests [185][186][187].…”

Section: Improvements To Perovskite Materials and Its Tandem Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a densely formed inorganic layer can act as a diffusion barrier to prevent organics or iodine species escaping from the lattice and reacting with the top metal electrode [185,186]. It has been reported in the literature that a semi-transparent perovskite PV with a dense charge transport layer and a transparent electrode endured through thermal cycling, damp heat, and UV stress tests [185][186][187]. Moreover, low-temperature, glass-glass encapsulation techniques, using high-performance polyisobutylene (PIB) on planar perovskite solar cells, have been reported using three different electrical configurations and methods are as shown in Figure 9 [188].…”

Section: Improvements To Perovskite Materials and Its Tandem Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Halide Materials for Photovoltaics towards Their Commercialization

et al. 2022

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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) photovoltaics have emerged as a promising new technology for the next generation of photovoltaics since their first development 10 years ago, and show a high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 29.3%. The power-conversion efficiency of these perovskite photovoltaics depends on the base materials used in their development, and methylammonium lead iodide is generally used as the main component. Perovskite materials have been further explored to increase their efficiency, as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate than silicon photovoltaics, which will lead to better commercialization. Even with these advantages, perovskite photovoltaics have a few drawbacks, such as their stability when in contact with heat and humidity, which pales in comparison to the 25-year stability of silicon, even with improvements are made when exploring new materials. To expand the benefits and address the drawbacks of perovskite photovoltaics, perovskite–silicon tandem photovoltaics have been suggested as a solution in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics. This tandem photovoltaic results in an increased PCE value by presenting a better total absorption wavelength for both perovskite and silicon photovoltaics. In this work, we summarized the advances in HOIP photovoltaics in the contact of new material developments, enhanced device fabrication, and innovative approaches to the commercialization of large-scale devices.

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“…It was reported that a semi-transparent PVK solar cell, with a densely formed CTL and transparent electrode, passed the thermal cycling test, damp heat test, and UV stress test (Figure 9B,C). [125][126][127] Although the above obstacles in the commercialization of PVK/Si tandem solar cells have been discussed in detail in the literature and many potential solutions have been suggested, the high processing temperature of top metal grid metallization of conventional Si solar cells has been overlooked. Large-scale solar cells require a low series resistance of the top electrode, which requires metallization of the top metal grid.…”

Section: Obstacles For Commercialization and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for large‐scale monolithic Perovskite/Silicon tandem solar cell: A review of recent progress

Kim

Jung

Noh

et al. 2021

EcoMat

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For any solar cell technology to reach the final mass-production/commercialization stage, it must meet all technological, economic, and social criteria such as high efficiency, large-area scalability, long-term stability, price competitiveness, and environmental friendliness of constituent materials. Until now, various solar cell technologies have been proposed and investigated, but only crystalline silicon, CdTe, and CIGS technologies have overcome the threshold of mass-production/commercialization. Recently, a perovskite/silicon (PVK/Si) tandem solar cell technology with high efficiency of 29.1% has been reported, which exceeds the theoretical limit of single-junction solar cells as well as the efficiency of stand-alone silicon or perovskite solar cells. The International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaics (ITRPV) predicts that silicon-based tandem solar cells will account for about 5% market share in 2029 and among various candidates, the combination of silicon and perovskite is the most likely scenario. Here, we classify and review the PVK/Si tandem solar cell technology in terms of homo-and hetero-junction silicon solar cells, the doping type of the bottom silicon cell, and the corresponding so-called normal and inverted structure of the top perovskite cell, along with mechanical and monolithic tandemization schemes. In particular, we review and discuss the recent advances in manufacturing top perovskite cells using solution and vacuum deposition technology for large-area scalability and specific issues of recombination layers and top transparent electrodes for large-area PVK/Si tandem solar cells, which are indispensable for the final commercialization of tandem solar cells.

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Damp Heat, Temperature Cycling and UV Stress Testing of Encapsulated Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Stability of Perovskite Films Encapsulated in Single- and Multi-Layer Graphene Barriers

Stability of Perovskite Films Encapsulated in Single- and Multi-Layer Graphene Barriers

Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskite Halide Materials for Photovoltaics towards Their Commercialization

Strategy for large‐scale monolithic Perovskite/Silicon tandem solar cell: A review of recent progress

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