Dampak Pertumbuhan Inklusi Keuangan terhadap Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan di Indonesia

Abstract

This study aimed at examining the effect of financial inclusion on the financial stability of banks in Indonesia. The data panel used in the study during the period 2007-2017 and were analyzed using multiple regression, financial inclusion variables using MSME credit growth indicators and GDP growth rates', while the dependent variable banking financial stability used the non-performing loan ratio (NPL) indicator. The results showed that MSME credit growth had a negative influence on credit risk which was associated with better stability. GDP growth rates had a positive and significant direct effect on financial stability (NPL) of banks in Indonesia. At the same time, it had a significant influence as a moderating variable on the relationship between financial inclusion and financial stability of banks in Indonesia.

How do macroeconomic variables and financial inclusion affect financial stability in Indonesia?

“…However, financial stability lacks a universally accepted definition, leading to the understanding that a financial system becomes unstable when it poses risks to and hinders economic activities (Awanti, 2017). This ambiguity has given rise to various interpretations of Financial Stability Standards (FSS), fundamentally agreeing that instability occurs when the financial system jeopardizes and obstructs economic processes (Laksmana & Suryadhana, 2019). Bank Indonesia (2020) articulates financial stability as a state enabling the national financial system to operate effectively and efficiently, withstand internal and external challenges, and thereby facilitate the allocation of funds or financing that supports the growth and stability of the national economy.…”

Analisis Perbandingan Stabilitas Bank Syariah dan Bank Konvensional

“…Hal ini mengindikasikan ketersediaan pada inklusi keuangan berpengaruh negatif terhadap stabilitas perbankan di Negara ASEAN. Hasil penelitian ini didukung oleh temuan (Laksmana, 2019;Thomas, 2019) yang menemukan bahwa inklusi berpengaruh negatif terhadap stabilitas yang diukur dengan NPL. Secara singkat dapat dijelaskan bahwa inklusi keuangan secara keseluruhan memberikan dampak positif terhadap stabilitas perbankan.…”

“…Namun, inklusi keuangan dapat menurunkan standar kreditnya untuk menjangkau masyarakat yang unbankable dengan menurunkan syarat-syarat pinjaman, sehingga mengakibatkan risiko kredit. Hasil ini sejalan dengan (Khan, 2017;Laksmana, 2019) yang menyatakan bahwa jika inklusi keuangan diperluas ke daerah dengan nasabah yang tidak kredibel, maka akan meningkatkan risiko kredit dan mengaganggu stabilitas perbankan.…”