I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Siek Liter, for his patience and encouragement throughout my research work. His guidance and advices helped to overcome many difficulties that I faced during my research. Next, I am grateful to Panasonic and Qualcomm for the support that I have received for my research in Nanyang Technological University of Singapore (NTU). Throughout the program, I am glad to have the opportunity to collaborate with numerous researchers, especially Chew Kin Wai Roy, Sun Zhuochao, Howard Tang, Kok Chiang Liang, Zhu Di and many more. Many ideas and solutions have come from mutual sharing sessions and discussions. I would also like to thank the staffs in VIRTUS and VLSI labs of NTU for their kind assistance in providing a conducive environment for research and to conduct laboratory measurements. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family members for their utmost support and understanding for my pursuit in this research work.