Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

A review of the toxicity of biomass pyrolysis liquids formed at low temperatures

“…�-propiolactone was not reported to be found in smoke or pyrolysis products, but was included in the table due to its toxicity and to the reported presence of other lactones. The literature (Sax 1979) indicates it decomposes rapidly at its boiling point of 15�°C, so it may not survive the pyrolysis process if it were to be formed. � propiolactone also is known to have a short half life in water and to polymerize upon standing at room temperature (NTP 1996b ), so it could also transesterify with the other organic esters, acids, and alcohols present in the pyrolysis oils.…”

Environmental Assessment Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (Otec) Pilot Plants

“…(1) heat and hydrogen gas (NFPA, 1975;Sax, 1979). Sodium hydroxide is a dangerous personnel hazard and a plant hazard.…”

Assessment of environmental health and safety issues associated with the commercialization of unconventional gas recovery: methane from coal seams

“…Poisoning, however, is rarely reported at levels below 60 ppm because it is asymptomatic (Sax 1957).…”