Dating of active normal fault scarps in the Büyük Menderes Graben (western Anatolia) and its implications for seismic history

Amiri, Nasim Mozafari; Tikhomirov, Dmitry; Sümer, Ökmen; Özkaymak, Çağlar; Uzel, Bora; Yeșilyurt, Serdar; Ivy‐Ochs, Susan; Vockenhuber, Christof; Sözbi̇li̇r, Hasan; Akçar, Naki

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.002

Cited by 24 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…es or mountain range fronts, often separating topographic highs from nearby basins. Similar limestone active fault scarps are observed in Italy, mainland Greece, and western Turkey, where they ruptured during historical earthquakes (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mozafari et al, 2019). In Crete, and the wider Eastern Mediterranean region, postglacial fault scarps and multiple paleoseismic studies are interpreted to indicate that numerous large-magnitude (>M w 6) earthquakes ruptured the ground surface (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Caputo et al, 2006Caputo et al, , 2010Hughes et al, 2006;Mason et al, 2016;Mitchell et al, 2001;Mouslopoulou et al, 2014;Veliz et al, 2018).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Fault-scarp heights are estimated to record the maximum vertical displacement that accumulated due to surface-breaking earthquakes. We have adopted an age of 16.5 ± 2 ka for the onset of active fault scarp formation, consistent with cosmogenic dating ( 36 Cl) of limestone fault scarps on the Spili Fault in Crete (Mouslopoulou et al, 2014) and elsewhere in the Mediterranean region (e.g., Benedetti et al, 2003Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mozafari et al, 2019). This age was used in combination with the displacement accrued on each fault to estimate the maximum vertical displacement rate since the onset of scarp formation (i.e., displacements are averaged over 16.5 ± 2 ka).…”

Section: Fault Displacementsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The age of active fault scarps in Greece and western Turkey is primarily constrained by cosmogenic dating which suggests that climatic conditions were favorable for scarp formation from 16.5 ± 2 ka to the present day (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mouslopoulou et al, 2014;Mozafari et al, 2019). Historical earthquakes in the Mediterranean region support the interpretation that the majority of slip recorded by limestone fault scarps accrues during earthquakes (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mozafari et al, 2019). The earthquake-slip model for scarp formation in Crete is also consistent with observations from cultural strain markers (e.g., roads and fences) constructed last century that show no evidence of creep on active faults at the ground surface (this study).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Crete, and the wider Eastern Mediterranean region, postglacial fault scarps and multiple paleoseismic studies are interpreted to indicate that numerous large-magnitude (>M w 6) earthquakes ruptured the ground surface (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Caputo et al, 2006Caputo et al, , 2010Hughes et al, 2006;Mason et al, 2016;Mitchell et al, 2001;Mouslopoulou et al, 2014;Veliz et al, 2018). The age of active fault scarps in Greece and western Turkey is primarily constrained by cosmogenic dating which suggests that climatic conditions were favorable for scarp formation from 16.5 ± 2 ka to the present day (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mouslopoulou et al, 2014;Mozafari et al, 2019). Historical earthquakes in the Mediterranean region support the interpretation that the majority of slip recorded by limestone fault scarps accrues during earthquakes (Benedetti et al, 2003(Benedetti et al, , 2013Mechernich et al, 2018;Mozafari et al, 2019).…”

Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Displacement Accumulation and Sampling of Paleoearthquakes on Active Normal Faults of Crete in the Eastern Mediterranean

Nicol

Mouslopoulou

Begg

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Active fault traces generally form due to displacement of the ground surface or seabed during surface-rupturing earthquakes (Gilbert, 1884; McCalpin, 2009; Stein et al., 1988; Wallace, 1987) (Figure 1). Repeated surface-rupturing earthquakes can produce topography, the height of which depends on the total fault displacement and the relative rates of fault displacement and surface processes (i.e., deposition or erosion) (Figure 1, block diagram). Where sedimentation rates exceed fault displacement rates, the faults are buried and their growth histories can be recovered from subsurface information, including seismic reflection lines and trenches (

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Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Fault Displacementsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Setting and Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Displacement Accumulation and Sampling of Paleoearthquakes on Active Normal Faults of Crete in the Eastern Mediterranean

Nicol

Mouslopoulou

Begg

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The samples were processed at the Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern following the protocol described in Mozafari et al . (2019). The samples were crushed to a grain size of 250–400 μm and the crushed whole‐rock samples were leached in diluted HNO 3 and rinsed with ultrapure water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last glaciation of the Arctic volcanic island Jan Mayen

Lyså

Larsen

Anjar

et al. 2020

Boreas

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The volcanic island of Jan Mayen, remotely located in the Norwegian‐Greenland Sea, was covered by a contiguous ice cap during the Late Weichselian. Until now, it has been disputed whether parts of the island south of the presently glaciated Mount Beerenberg area were ever glaciated. Based on extensive field mapping we demonstrate that an ice cap covered all land areas and likely also extended onto the shallow shelf areas southeast and east of the island. Chronological interpretations are based on K‐Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating of volcanic rocks, cosmogenic nuclide (36Cl) surface exposure dating of bedrock and glacial erratics, and radiocarbon dating. We argue that ice growth started after 34 ka and that an initial deglaciation started some 21.5–19.5 ka in the southern and middle parts of the island. In the northern parts, closer to the present glaciers, the deglaciation might have started later, as evidenced by the establishment of vegetation 17–16 cal. ka BP. During full glaciation, the ice cap was likely thickest over the southern part of the island. This may explain a seemingly delayed deglaciation compared with the northern parts despite earlier initial deglaciation. In a broader context, the new knowledge of the Late Weichselian of the island contributes to the understanding of glaciations surrounding the North Atlantic and its climate history.

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Redating the formation of Lake Bafa, western Turkey: Integrative geoarchaeological methods and new environmental and dating evidence

et al. 2020

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The ancient Gulf of Latmos is an iconic example of a dynamic landscape and humankind's historical relationship with it. Using extensive new primary data and original models for calibrating radiocarbon dates in transitional lagoon environments, we demonstrate that Lake Bafa (or Bafa Gölü, in Turkish) formed at a much earlier date than previously thought. In questioning the logical process by which previous dates were achieved, we re‐examine the relationship between sedimentological data, archaeology and written history. We reassert the need to establish independently dated environmental data sets as the foundation of regional studies as distinct from archaeological and historical interpretive processes. We conclude that Lake Bafa slowly transitioned to become an isolated lagoon sometime between the end of the second millennium B.C. and end of the first millennium B.C.; becoming a fully closed brackish lake during the second millennium A.D. This marks a major shift in our understanding of the nature of human occupation and activity here during the last four millennia but also in the way we date ancient lagoons and integrate historical and environmental data in general.

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Dating of active normal fault scarps in the Büyük Menderes Graben (western Anatolia) and its implications for seismic history

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Displacement Accumulation and Sampling of Paleoearthquakes on Active Normal Faults of Crete in the Eastern Mediterranean

Displacement Accumulation and Sampling of Paleoearthquakes on Active Normal Faults of Crete in the Eastern Mediterranean

The last glaciation of the Arctic volcanic island Jan Mayen

Redating the formation of Lake Bafa, western Turkey: Integrative geoarchaeological methods and new environmental and dating evidence

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