Dawn-to-dusk dry fasting induces anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic proteome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Review of the Literature on Ramadan Fasting and Health in 2022

“…Also, a prospective study was conducted on subjects with MetS before, during, and after RF. 15 Untargeted proteomics was measured to assess the impact on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proteome in 14 fasting subjects with MetS. The quantitative proteome analysis showed that apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene protein product (GP) levels were downregulated and had the most statistical significance of the observed difference at the end of 4 weeks of RF: 1 week after 4-week RF compared with the levels before 4 weeks of RF.…”

“…Studies on metabolism and endocrinology included metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity, 14 15 16 17 thyroid disease, 18 19 20 21 and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 22…”

Dawn-to-dusk dry fasting decreases circulating inflammatory cytokines in subjects with increased body mass index

“…Other investigators and we previously reported that dawn-to-dusk dry fasting (DDDF) alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in obese and non-obese individuals [ [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] ]. It has been suggested that the anti-inflammatory benefits of DDDF could be due to a decrease in the overall size of the visceral adipose tissue, a known source of proinflammatory markers, and downregulation of the inflammatory and oxidative pathways gene expression [ [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] ]. Several existing intermittent fasting or time-restricted eating (TRE) regimens allow water drinking and/or non-caloric drinks during the fasting window and appear counter to DDDF.…”

“…DDDF appears to be a superior alternative to existing water and wet fasting regimens to achieve robust anti-inflammatory effects: (1) Dawn and dusk are critical periods of the 24-h circadian cycle in human metabolism [ 22 , 23 ]. Subjects who perform DDDF have their meals consistently at dawn and dusk, and this would align the phase of peripheral circadian clocks with the phase of central clock entrained to local dawn and dusk, ensuring circadian rhythm compliance [ 19 ]. Meal timing in DDDF contrasts meal timing in several TRE regimens.…”

“…Previous studies reported the effect of dry fasting on a limited number of inflammatory cytokines/inflammatory biomarkers [ 17 , 20 , 21 , 46 ]. Our earlier study showed that 4-week DDDF induced an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic proteome in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 14 subjects with metabolic syndrome, twelve of whom with MASLD [ 19 ]. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of DDDF further.…”