Day Time Urinary Incontinence due to Valproate in a Patient with Idiopathic Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizures

Malik, Arshi; Usmani, Amir

doi:10.17659/01.2013.0013

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…He improved by reducing the valproic acid dose and resolved symptoms when switching to another antiepileptic drug. 6 Prolonged carbamazepine therapy caused urinary overflow incontinence, as reported by Andres et al 7 A 36 years old male diagnosed with schizophrenia and put on topiramate who developed urinary incontinence while asleep and subsided when topiramate was discontinued and replaced by another drug. 8 The pathway responsible for incontinence varies, while it is thought it could be related to the depth of sleep as in valproate-induced enuresis, 9 and over-relaxation to striatal muscle in benzodiazepine and gabapentine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Levetiracetam-Induced Urination and Urinary Frequency in Pediatrics. A Case Report

Bayounis,

Al Assadi

2023

PTB Reports

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Objectives: Levetiracetam (LEV) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug used in children and adults. The use of LEV is associated with behavioral abnormalities as adverse drug reactions. However, it might increase the frequency of urination as an adverse effect, which has not been observed or reported previously in Saudi Arabia. It is a description of the unusual side effects of levetiracetam. Methodology: A case report of three patients aged 6, 5 and 6 years, respectively. They were diagnosed with epilepsy and treated with levetiracetam. After LEV treatment, all three cases experienced increased urinary frequency and incontinence. Results: The Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale was applied on the three cases and was found to be possibly related in two cases to LEV therapy and probably related in one. We reduced the dose in one patient, and the side effects improved to half. Moreover, it was resolved after discontinuation of the medication. In the other two cases, the side effect resolved on its own. It was reported in the literature that 2 cases had urinary frequency after starting on levetiracetam and improved after reducing the dose and switching to other medication. Conclusion: LEV might induce an increase in the frequency of urination. It was an under-reported issue and should be addressed as a transient adverse drug reaction effect. However, it can strongly affect compliance with medication. Therefore, clinicians should be attentive and look exclusively for this symptom to educate the families during follow-up visits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Levetiracetam-Induced Urination and Urinary Frequency in Pediatrics. A Case Report

Bayounis,

Al Assadi

2023

PTB Reports

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“…Recent studies have shown that there might be a relation between consumption of SV and urinary complications such as enuresis, polyuria, and urine incontinency. According to the pieces of literature, these side effects are more likely to occur in patients who require dosage increase [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Study on Sodium Valproate, Carbamazepine, and Levetiracetam Inducing Enuresis in Epileptic Children

Sathyan

Scaria

2021

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objectives: Enuresis or bedwetting is considered to be an underreported ADR of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This study assesses the incidence and comparative rate of occurrence of enuresis in children with epilepsy who are on AEDs treatment such as sodium valproate (SV); carbamazepine and levetiracetam (LEV). Methods: The study was conducted with a sample size of 32 patients. Both inpatients and outpatients between the age group >5–18 years of age previously diagnosed with epilepsy that is on monotherapy and polytherapy with SV or carbamazepine or LEV were included in the study. Patients with urinary complications or urogenital abnormalities past 3 months before admission were excluded from the study. Assessment of enuresis was done based on a questionnaire prepared from NICE guidelines and analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Results: Of 44 patients who were included in the study, only 34 came for review. Analysis of the questionnaire showed the occurrence of enuresis in 12 patients. Drugs prescribed versus assessment questions showed potent significance with eight questions; hence the hypothesis that the prescribed drugs can cause enuresis can be taken into consideration. The rate of occurrence of enuresis was analyzed in all the drugs with their respective doses, but the significant values were found only for SV 200 mg. Conclusion: This study shows the possibility of enuresis in LEV and SV treatment with a significant difference in SV. Furthermore, it showed a relation between the duration of treatment and the occurrence of enuresis.

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“…According to the literature, these side effects are more likely to occur in patients who require dosage increase. Despite these reports, there is a lack of solid evidences on association of urinary complications with sodium valproate and thus these complications are not known as side effects of this drug (11,13,14). Egger and Brett performed a retrospective study on the side effects of sodium valproate on epileptic children focusing on weight gain, they showed that among 100 cases, only 7% exhibited enuresis as a side effect (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sodium Valproate on Urinary Frequency and Enuresis Compared to Carbamazepine in Children with Epilepsy

et al. 2018

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Background: Sodium valproate is one of the widely used medications in the treatment of children with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of sodium valproate on enuresis and urinary frequency in epileptic children in comparison to carbamazepine. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled epileptic children aged 5 to 14 years who met the exclusion criteria and were under monotherapy with sodium valproate or carbamazepine. All the cases were assessed for urinary complications during a period of one-year follow-up. Patients with urinary complications were tested for urinary tract infection and also for any urogenital anatomical abnormalities to avoid possible false positive results. Results: From 290 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 254 cases were studied. It was showed that among 127 patients in sodium valproate group, 14 (11.02%) cases had enuresis while in 4 cases it was accompanied by urinary frequency. Among these 14 cases, 10 were treatment naives (new cases) (symptoms appeared after 6.1 ± 1.4 weeks) and the other four only had their medication dosage increased (symptoms appeared after 3.2 ± 0.9 weeks). In three cases, the dosage was reduced and in one case a medication was replaced with another. In all patients, however, the symptoms subsided within 10 -30 days. On the other hand, no urinary complication was found in the carbamazepine group. Conclusions:The results demonstrated that in children with epilepsy, enuresis and day-urinary frequency are two side effects of valproate and carbamazepine therapy that should be taken into consideration.

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Day Time Urinary Incontinence due to Valproate in a Patient with Idiopathic Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizures

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Levetiracetam-Induced Urination and Urinary Frequency in Pediatrics. A Case Report

Levetiracetam-Induced Urination and Urinary Frequency in Pediatrics. A Case Report

A Cross-Sectional Study on Sodium Valproate, Carbamazepine, and Levetiracetam Inducing Enuresis in Epileptic Children

The Effect of Sodium Valproate on Urinary Frequency and Enuresis Compared to Carbamazepine in Children with Epilepsy

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