DCube: A family of network structures for containerized data centers using dual-port servers

Abstract

a b s t r a c tA fundamental goal of datacenter networking is to efficiently interconnect a large number of servers in a cost-effective way. Inspired by the commodity servers in today's data centers that come with dual-port, we consider how to design low-cost, robust, and symmetrical network structures for containerized data centers with dual-port servers and low-end switches. In this paper, we propose a family of such network structure called a DCube, including H-DCube and M-DCube. The DCube consists of one or multiple interconnected sub-networks, each of which is a compound graph made by interconnecting a certain number of basic building blocks by means of a hypercube-like graph. More precisely, the H-DCube and M-DCube utilize the hypercube and 1-möbius cube, respectively, while the M-DCube achieves a considerably higher aggregate bottleneck throughput compared to H-DCube. Mathematical analysis and simulation results show that the DCube exhibits graceful performance degradation as the failure rate of server or switch increases. Moreover, the DCube significantly reduces the required wires and switches compared to the BCube and fat-tree. In addition, the DCube achieves a higher speedup than the BCube does for the one-to-several traffic patterns. The proposed methodologies in this paper can be applied to the compound graph of the basic building block and other hypercube-like graphs, such as Twisted cube, Flip MCube, and fastcube.

MooreCube: A Scalable and Flexible Architecture for Cloud Computing Data Centers on Multi-port Servers

“…Server centric architecture also has a switch but use the servers as a router. DCell [24], BCube [25], Ficonn [26], FlatNet [27], HCN & BCN [28], Dpillar [29], SWCube [30], FleCube [31,32], DCube [33], Fsquare [34] and sprintNet [35] are server-centric architecture. Using the switch in this kind of architecture may lead to bottleneck and increase cost and scalability of the network.…”

“…Because each switch has few microsecond delay to send and receive data. We can use the server instead of switch in DCN and increase network scalability [33].…”

“…But this approach also has the problems of previous work and needs more ports. SprintNet has the new way to connect servers to each other without use of switches [33]. This method is flexible and can be implemented with multi-port servers independent of the number of ports.…”

The influence of datacenter usage on symmetry in datacenter network design

“…The aggregate bottleneck throughput was established in [29] and is defined as the number of flows multiplied by the throughput of the bottleneck flow, where the bottleneck flow is the flow that receives the smallest throughput (by a flow we mean a path from a source to a sink complete with a data load; flows are generally used to refer to the transportation of significant amounts of data where the lifespan of the reserved path is non-trivial). The measurement of the aggregate bottleneck throughput (see, for example, [29,33,44]) is not usually undertaken with respect to a specific routing algorithm; rather, it is assumed that all flows traverse a shortest path between the two corresponding servernodes. Consequently, the calculation of the bottleneck flow is not always reflective of the variations in load caused by employing a specific routing algorithm.…”

An Efficient Shortest-Path Routing Algorithm in the Data Centre Network DPillar

“…Nevertheless, server-centric data centres are now becoming commercially available. Typical examples of server-centric DCNs are DCell [7], BCube [8], FiConn [10], CamCube [2], MCube [15], DPillar [12], HCN and BCN [6] and SWKautz, SWCube and SWdBruijn [11]. An additional positive aspect of some server-centric DCNs is that not only can commodity switches be used to build the data centres but commodity servers can too: the DCNs FiConn, MCube, DPillar, HCN, BCN, SWKautz, SWCube and SWdBruijn are all such that any server only needs two NIC ports (the norm in commodity servers) in order to incorporate it into the DCN.…”