Deactivation study of Ru‐Sn‐B/Al₂O₃ catalysts during selective hydrogenation of methyl oleate to fatty alcohol

Abstract

In this work, the deactivation of the Ru-Sn-B/Al 2 O 3 catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness method in the selective hydrogenation reaction of methyl oleate to fatty alcohol was studied. There was a decrease in both the activity and selectivity of fatty alcohol during successive reaction experiments. The fresh and deactivated catalysts were evaluated by different techniques such as TPR, XPS, TGA, Raman, and FTIR to determine the deactivation causes. Lower Ru and Sn content were found in the deactivated catalyst due to the loss of the active material during hydrogenation reaction. As the metal loss was more important for Ru than for Sn, the Ru/Sn ratio was changed, leading to a decrease of the selectivity. Moreover, the analysis of the XPS peak by the deconvolution of Sn species suggests the more active (SnO x ) species for selective hydrogenation are more affected than the less selective (SnO y ). Coke deposition was not observed by Raman and FTIR.

Catalytic Conversion of Starch to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural by Tin Phosphotungstate

“…To further understand the surface composition discrepancy of Sn 0.1 PW, Sn 0.75 PW, and HPW, the high-resolution XPS spectra of Sn and tungsten in the catalysts were investigated (Figure 3). The Sn 3d spectrum was (Sánchez et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020;Qiu et al, 2020) (Figure 3A), respectively, indicating the generation of Sn (IV)…”

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Raman spectroscopy

“…Eng. published 11 articles: six are directly related to catalysis, [27][28][29][30][31] three are in the area of combustion, [32] one combined Raman and EDS to identify a low melting lithium phosphate phase in lithium iron phosphate ingots, [33] and another applied confocal Raman to measure solute concentrations in a hanging droplet (mass transfer). [34] Raman spectrographs now record the whole spectral range (Raman shifts from 100 cm −1 to 4000 cm −1 ) at subsecond resolution and are applied to pulse experiments with isotopes, to measure reaction kinetics and spectroscopic characteristics.…”

“…Eng . published 11 articles: six are directly related to catalysis, [ 27–31 ] three are in the area of combustion, [ 32 ] one combined Raman and EDS to identify a low melting lithium phosphate phase in lithium iron phosphate ingots, [ 33 ] and another applied confocal Raman to measure solute concentrations in a hanging droplet (mass transfer). [ 34 ]…”