Dead-End Ultrafiltration and DNA-Based Methods for Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Agricultural Water

Durigan, Maurício; Murphy, Helen; Silva, Alexandre J. da

doi:10.1128/aem.01595-20

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Eimeria acervulina is intriguing as a surrogate because it poses no occupational safety risk to researchers, it has a low infectious dose, and is relatively easy to passage in vivo and produce many oocysts. Although sensitive methods exist to detect C. cayetanensis oocyst contamination in food and water matrices [59][60][61][62], a means to determine oocyst viability (and thus, infection risk oocysts pose to public health) remains elusive. Our transcriptome analysis is ideal for addressing this issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically expressed genes provide candidate viability biomarkers in a model coccidian

et al. 2021

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Eimeria parasites cause enteric disease in livestock and the closely related Cyclospora cayetanensis causes human disease. Oocysts of these coccidian parasites undergo maturation (sporulation) before becoming infectious. Here, we assessed transcription in maturing oocysts of Eimeria acervulina, a widespread chicken parasite, predicted gene functions, and determined which of these genes also occur in C. cayetanensis. RNA-Sequencing yielded ~2 billion paired-end reads, 92% of which mapped to the E. acervulina genome. The ~6,900 annotated genes underwent temporally-coordinated patterns of gene expression. Fifty-three genes each contributed >1,000 transcripts per million (TPM) throughout the study interval, including cation-transporting ATPases, an oocyst wall protein, a palmitoyltransferase, membrane proteins, and hypothetical proteins. These genes were enriched for 285 gene ontology (GO) terms and 13 genes were ascribed to 17 KEGG pathways, defining housekeeping processes and functions important throughout sporulation. Expression differed in mature and immature oocysts for 40% (2,928) of all genes; of these, nearly two-thirds (1,843) increased their expression over time. Eight genes expressed most in immature oocysts, encoding proteins promoting oocyst maturation and development, were assigned to 37 GO terms and 5 KEGG pathways. Fifty-six genes underwent significant upregulation in mature oocysts, each contributing at least 1,000 TPM. Of these, 40 were annotated by 215 GO assignments and 9 were associated with 18 KEGG pathways, encoding products involved in respiration, carbon fixation, energy utilization, invasion, motility, and stress and detoxification responses. Sporulation orchestrates coordinated changes in the expression of many genes, most especially those governing metabolic activity. Establishing the long-term fate of these transcripts in sporulated oocysts and in senescent and deceased oocysts will further elucidate the biology of coccidian development, and may provide tools to assay infectiousness of parasite cohorts. Moreover, because many of these genes have homologues in C. cayetanensis, they may prove useful as biomarkers for risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically expressed genes provide candidate viability biomarkers in a model coccidian

et al. 2021

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“…There were 21 C. cayetanensis -positive samples: 13 from wildlife feces, 7 from soil, and 1 from water, giving the impression that the parasite may be more frequent in the USA than formerly considered and could be transferred by wildlife as paratenic hosts. The parasite was also detected in surface water samples in the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (C&O Canal) in Maryland [ 41 , 42 ]. In Florida, cyclosporiasis was linked to gardening and working with soil [ 43 ].…”

Section: Cyclosporiasis Situation In Epidemic Areas: Potential For En...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection in Developed Countries: Potential Endemic Foci?

Chacín-Bonilla

Santı́n

2023

Microorganisms

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Cyclospora cayetanensis infection has emerged as a significant public health concern worldwide. Developed countries are generally considered non-endemic for infection. However, sporadic cases and non-travel-related outbreaks of C. cayetanensis infections associated with domestically grown produce are becoming more common in developed countries. Cyclospora cayetanensis has been detected in fresh produce, surface water, wastewater, irrigation water, and soil in these countries, suggesting that the parasite may be more common in areas with advanced sanitation than previously thought and illustrating the potential risk for exposure and indigenous/autochthonous infections. The evidence suggests the possibility of foci of endemicity in developed countries, particularly in communities where sanitary conditions are compromised, and raises transmission issues that require further research to better define the risks for infection, how widespread C. cayetanensis may be in these areas, and to guide interventions against this infection. The main purpose of the present opinion was to evaluate the presence of cyclosporiasis in developed countries, which is a very important and ongoing issue in food safety.

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Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, this scoping review revealed an absence of detection-method studies on soil and only two studies on water. In 2019, a validated method for detecting C. cayetanensis in water was accepted as a standard method by the FDA [44]. Pertinently, a recent Blue-Ribbon Panel report indicated a need for the development of detection methods for C. cayetanensis in environmental samples [45].…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of the detection, epidemiology and control ofCyclospora cayetanensiswith an emphasis on produce, water and soil

et al. 2021

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Cyclospora cayetanensis is a parasite causing cyclosporiasis (an illness in humans). Produce (fruits, vegetables, herbs), water and soil contaminated with C. cayetanensis have been implicated in human infection. The objective was to conduct a scoping review of primary research in English on the detection, epidemiology and control of C. cayetanensis with an emphasis on produce, water and soil. MEDLINE® (Web of ScienceTM), Agricola (ProQuest), CABI Global Health, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts (EBSCOhost) were searched from 1979 to February 2020. Of the 349 relevant primary research studies identified, there were 75 detection-method studies, 40 molecular characterisation studies, 38 studies of Cyclospora in the environment (33 prevalence studies, 10 studies of factors associated with environmental contamination), 246 human infection studies (212 prevalence/incidence studies, 32 outbreak studies, 60 studies of environmental factors associated with non-outbreak human infection) and eight control studies. There appears to be sufficient literature for a systematic review of prevalence and factors associated with human infection with C. cayetanensis. There is a dearth of publicly available detection-method studies in soil (n = 0) and water (n = 2), prevalence studies on soil (n = 1) and studies of the control of Cyclospora (particularly on produce prior to retail (n = 0)).

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Dead-End Ultrafiltration and DNA-Based Methods for Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Agricultural Water

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Dynamically expressed genes provide candidate viability biomarkers in a model coccidian

Dynamically expressed genes provide candidate viability biomarkers in a model coccidian

Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection in Developed Countries: Potential Endemic Foci?

A scoping review of the detection, epidemiology and control ofCyclospora cayetanensiswith an emphasis on produce, water and soil

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