Dealing with neoplasia in elderly horses

Robertson, J.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3292.2010.00036.x

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…With the ever increasing number of aged horses kept as companion animals, it has been speculated that the prevalence of neoplastic disease may increase (Robertson 2010). However, malignant osseous neoplasia has been extremely rarely reported in the horse (Henson 2007), with the majority of cases occurring in the skull of young horses (Bush et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe lameness caused by metastatic renal adenocarcinoma of the third phalanx in a Warmblood mare

Oosterlinck¹,

Raes²,

Verbraecken³

et al. 2011

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Malignant osseous neoplasia has been extremely rarely reported in the horse and, therefore, it is not commonly considered as a differential diagnosis for acute lameness. In the present report, a 19‐year‐old Warmblood mare in poor body condition and with a history of chronic haematuria, presumably attributable to renal neoplasia, was referred with acute, progressive, unilateral right forelimb lameness with marked unilateral digital pulsation and metacarpal oedema. No hoof abscess was found. Radiographic examination revealed a well defined osteolytic area in the dorsomedial half of the third phalanx. Dermal laminae at the dorsomedial aspect of the hoof showed a dark red appearance with poor vascularisation. Thoracic radiographs revealed pulmonary nodules. As osseous metastasis of the third phalanx was suspected, the mare was subjected to euthanasia. Post mortem histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of primary renal adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the lungs, myocardium, along the perirenal lymphatic tract and to the third phalanx, with extensive osteolysis in the latter location. Post mortem computed tomography of the hoof provided excellent visualisation of the osseous metastasis. The rare possibility of osseous metastatic neoplasia should be included in the differential diagnosis of severe lameness, especially in aged horses with a history of chronic renal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe lameness caused by metastatic renal adenocarcinoma of the third phalanx in a Warmblood mare

Oosterlinck¹,

Raes²,

Verbraecken³

et al. 2011

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Clinical signs of cancer are generally vague and unspecific in horses and most commonly include apathy, weight loss, exercise intolerance and fever. In such cases, a systemic neoplastic disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis when more common causes, such as infectious diseases, severe parasite burden or dental or digestive disorders, have been ruled out, or if horses do not respond to standard therapy and show progressive loss of function of one or more organ systems [ 6 ]. Haematological and biochemical profile changes are also nonspecific and most importantly include anaemia, neutrophilia, hyperfibrinogenaemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of equine thymidine kinase 1 and preliminary evaluation of its suitability as a serum biomarker for equine lymphoma

Wang

Unger

Sharif

et al. 2021

BMC Mol and Cell Biol

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Background Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) plays a key role in the synthesis of deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) and is thus important for DNA replication and cell proliferation. The expression of TK1 is highest during S-phase, and it is rapidly degraded after mitosis. In cancer cells, TK1 is upregulated, resulting in leakage of excess TK1 into the blood. Consequently, serum TK1 has been used as a diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker, mainly in human medicine. The aims of this work were to characterize equine TK1 and to evaluate its suitability as a serum biomarker for equine lymphoma. Results Equine TK1 was cloned, expressed in E. coli and affinity purified. The purified recombinant horse TK1 showed broad substrate specificity, phosphorylating pyrimidine deoxyribo- and ribonucleosides and, to some extent, purine deoxynucleosides, including anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analogues. ATP was the preferred phosphate donor. Serum TK1 activity was measured in samples collected from horses with confirmed or suspected lymphoma and control horses with and without concurrent diseases. Serum TK1 activity levels were significantly higher in horses with lymphoma (p < 0.0005) and suspected lymphoma (p < 0.02) and in tumour-free groups with diverse diseases (p < 0.03) than in controls without concurrent diseases. There was a significant difference between the lymphoma group and the tumour-free group with diverse diseases (p < 0.0006). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a sensitivity of 0.86, a specificity of 0.95 and an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.92 compared to the controls without concurrent diseases, with a sensitivity of 0.97, a specificity of 0.71 and an AUC of 0.88 when compared with the tumour-free group with diverse diseases. Conclusion Equine TK1 showed high specific activity and broader substrate specificity than human TK1. Anticancer and antiviral thymidine analogues were efficiently phosphorylated by horse TK1, suggesting that these analogues might be good candidates for chemotherapy in horses. Serum TK1 activity was significantly higher in horses with lymphoma than in controls. ROC analysis indicated that serum TK1 could serve as a promising cancer biomarker in horses.

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Dealing with neoplasia in elderly horses

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Severe lameness caused by metastatic renal adenocarcinoma of the third phalanx in a Warmblood mare

Severe lameness caused by metastatic renal adenocarcinoma of the third phalanx in a Warmblood mare

Molecular characterization of equine thymidine kinase 1 and preliminary evaluation of its suitability as a serum biomarker for equine lymphoma

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