Death by self-mutilation after oral cannabis consumption

Delteil, Clémence; Sastre, Caroline; Piercecchi, Marie‐Dominique; Faget-Agius, Catherine; Deveaux, Marc; Kintz, Pascal; Devooght, Marc-Antoine; Leonetti, George; Bartoli, Christophe; Pélissier-Alicot, Anne-Laure

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2017.10.010

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Such an overview was thus required as Addictovigilance signals have been identified, notably through the descriptions of young, apparently healthy, cannabis users suffering from unexpected cardiovascular disorders 4 . These findings, which corroborated those from other studies conducted in different contexts, 5–13 raise concerns as to whether cannabis use could also affect other systems.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…While the relevance and feasibility of authorizing medical cannabis in France was evaluated, it was important to characterize the number, the type and the severity of AEs related to recreational cannabis, in particular the occurrence of unexpected AEs in this context of increasing THC content of cannabis in the market. The present study was the first to give an overview of these events on a national level 5–13 . In our sample these AEs mainly concerned men, with a sex ratio over 3:1, and people aged between 18 and 34 years (range: 12–84 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A recent Australian study based on the National Coronial Information System counted 104 deaths in which cannabis was the only substance listed, of which 36.5% were suicide and 28.8% were accidental injury 89 . Thirty‐six other cases of deaths have been reported in the literature; among them, thirty one were due to cardiovascular diseases, 4,90–94 two to renal and ionic complications of hyperemesis syndrome, 91 one to seizure complications linked to multiple sclerosis, with identification of cannabis in toxicological assessments, 91 one to self‐mutilation after oral cannabis consumption, 7 and one to extensive necrosis and haemorrhage of the liver and adrenals following maternal use of marijuana in an 11‐day‐old neonate 95 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse events of recreational cannabis use reported to the French addictovigilance network (2012–2017)

Bouquet

Pain

Eiden

et al. 2021

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Aims To describe the adverse events (AEs) of recreational cannabis use in France between 2012 and 2017. Methods AEs related to recreational cannabis use, alone or in combination with alcohol and/or tobacco reported to the French Addictovigilance Network were analysed (excluding cannabidiol and synthetic cannabinoids). Results Reporting of AEs tripled between 2012 (n = 179, 6.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.4–7.2) and 2017 (n = 562, 10.1%, 95% CI = 9.3–10.9), reaching 2217 cases. They concerned mainly men (76.4%) and users aged between 18 and 34 years (18–25: 30.9%; 26–34: 26.3%, range: 12–84 years). Cannabis was mainly inhaled (71.6%) and exposure was most often chronic (64.2%). Many types of AEs were reported: psychiatric (51.2%), neurological (15.6%), cardiac (7.8%) and gastrointestinal (7.7%), including unexpected AEs (n = 34, 1.1%). The most common effect was dependence, ranging from 10.1% (95% CI = 7.9–12.3) to 20.3% (95% CI = 17.3–23.2) over the study period. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (n = 87, 2.8%) emerged from 2015. Deaths accounted for 0.2% of all AEs (4 men and 3 women aged on average 35 years). A chronic pattern of cannabis use was reported in 4 of them (intracranial hypertension in the context of lung cancer, suicide, cerebral haematoma, neonatal death with concomitant chronic alcohol use), while in the other cases the toxicological analysis identified cannabis use (ruptured aneurysm and unknown aetiology). Conclusion This study showed a multitude of AEs related to recreational cannabis use, including unexpected AEs and deaths. It highlights the problem of dependence and the emergence of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adverse events of recreational cannabis use reported to the French addictovigilance network (2012–2017)

Bouquet

Pain

Eiden

et al. 2021

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Considering that several countries have been legalizing the medicinal and/or recreational use of Cannabis and Cannabis-based medicines and other products such as edibles and concentrates in the past few years, and that are many cases of mislabeled Cannabis products 6 and even death caused by their consumption 4 , the number of papers published about Cannabis traceability is alarmingly small. The traceability of Cannabis, whether related to quality control or forensics, ought to be taken seriously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traceability of Cannabis and its derivatives, such as marijuana, medicines, concentrates, edibles and fiber, is a key approach that can be used for quality control or forensic purposes. This is particularly true considering that increasingly more countries have legalized the recreational and/or medicinal use of Cannabis in recent years, in spite of the fact that Cannabis use may cause harmful and undesired effects, such as modifications in the brain morphology 1 , paranoia 2 , ischaemic strokes 3 , and death resulting from the association between psychiatric disturbances and Cannabis use 4 , for instance. Alarmingly, the legal Cannabis market in the state of Washington, USA, is currently dominated by high-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis flower 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Review on Cannabis sativa L. Origin Traceability

Ramos

Kinney

Borille

et al. 2021

BJFS

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Marijuana, dried and ground Cannabis, is the most consumed illicit drug in the world. Many undesirable and risky effects to human health are caused by its use. As Cannabis derived drugs and products gain popularity across the world, there has been more and more reports on mislabeled cannabinoid content of Cannabis plants, concentrates and edibles, as well as the number of health issues and deaths caused by their use. In spite of that, many countries have been making their laws more flexible as to marijuana purchase, sale, possession and consumption. Therefore, the development of methodologies capable of tracing the geographical origin of the seized samples, whether for quality control or forensic purposes, is increasingly necessary. Thus, our objective was to perform an integrative review on Cannabis traceability studies to assess the research being dedicated to this issue. We have found only 20 published scientific papers, using the databases and keywords employed, and several of these papers were published over a decade ago. We conclude that the efforts to trace Cannabis are not keeping up with the rapid changes and flexibilization in the legislation of many countries regarding legalization of the medicinal and/or recreational use of Cannabis.

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