2002
DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000720
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Decadal change in carbon monoxide to nitrogen oxide ratio in U.S. vehicular emissions

Abstract: [1] Accurate emission inventories and their temporal trends must be incorporated into pollutant inventories to allow for reliable modeling of the country's past, present, and future air quality. Measured carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) concentrations from two urban areas show that the CO/NO x vehicular emission ratio has decreased at an average rate of 7-9% per year from 1987 to 1999. This amounts to a factor of nearly 3 over the 12 years. The current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency tabula… Show more

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Cited by 108 publications
(117 citation statements)
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“…In light of the CalNex-SJV i VOCR i and VOCR observations and well-documented efforts to control motor vehicle emissions (e.g., Kirchstetter et al, 1999a, b;Parrish et al, 2002;Harley et al, 2006;Parrish, 2006;Bishop and Stedman, 2008) we speculate that it is the temperatureindependent reactivity that has decreased over the last decade. At the same time, we know of no deliberate attempt to control the molecules dominating the reactivity at high temperatures -small aldehydes, alcohols, and the unknown VOCR.…”
Section: Organic Reactivity and Temperaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In light of the CalNex-SJV i VOCR i and VOCR observations and well-documented efforts to control motor vehicle emissions (e.g., Kirchstetter et al, 1999a, b;Parrish et al, 2002;Harley et al, 2006;Parrish, 2006;Bishop and Stedman, 2008) we speculate that it is the temperatureindependent reactivity that has decreased over the last decade. At the same time, we know of no deliberate attempt to control the molecules dominating the reactivity at high temperatures -small aldehydes, alcohols, and the unknown VOCR.…”
Section: Organic Reactivity and Temperaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…[40] To understand the similarity in OA/ΔCO, it is important to consider the emission ratios for SOA precursors (e.g., ΔVOC/ΔCO), especially given the long-term decrease of CO concentrations in the United States [Parrish et al, 2002] that could potentially influence OA/ΔCO values. The emission ratios of aromatic, alkyne, and alkene VOCs with CO have remained constant between 2002 and 2010, as has the ratio for acetaldehyde [Warneke et al, 2012], a species that correlates strongly with OOA (R = 0.81 in Pasadena) and is dominated by secondary sources after sufficient photochemical processing of emissions.…”
Section: The Quantitative Dependence Of Secondary Organicmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent decades, stricter regulations by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and state agencies have 20 resulted in lower emissions of black carbon, hydrocarbons (including air toxics), and nitrogen oxides in many urban environments (e.g., Parrish et al, 2002;Peischl et al, 2010;Sather and Cavender 2012;Warneke et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2014;Kirchstetter et al, 2017) while in other areas, both populated and remote, expansion or emergence of new oil and natural gas (O&G) exploration and production activities has led to higher emissions of air toxics, methane, and non-methane hydrocarbons, e.g., C 2 -C 8 and larger alkanes, benzene and larger aromatic species (e.g., 25 Petron et al, 2012;Gilman et al, 2013;Adgate et al, 2014;Helmig et al, 2014;Pekney et al, 2014;Warneke et al, 2014;Field et al, 2015;Koss et al, 2015;Rutter et al, 2015;Swarthout et al, 2015;Helmig et al, 2016;Prenni et al, 2016;Abeleira et al, 2017;Koss et al, 2017). The impact of higher emissions of such hydrocarbons from oil and gas fields of Utah and Wyoming on wintertime ozone has been assessed through recent measurement and modeling studies (Carter and Seinfeld 2012;Edwards et al, 2014;Rappenglück et al, 2014;Ahmadov et al, 2015).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%