DeCASA in AgriVerse: Parallel Agriculture for Smart Villages in Metaverses

Abstract

The demand for food is tremendously increasing with the growth of the world population, which necessitates the development of sustainable agriculture under the impact of various factors, such as climate change. To fulfill this challenge, we are developing Metaverses for agriculture, referred to as AgriVerse, under our Decentralized Complex Adaptive Systems in Agriculture (DeCASA) project, which is a digital world of smart villages created alongside the development of Decentralized Sciences (DeSci) and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) for Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSSs). Additionally, we provide the architectures, operating modes and major applications of DeCASA in Agri-Verse. For achieving sustainable agriculture, a foundation model based on ACP theory and federated intelligence is envisaged. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities.

Toward parallel intelligence: An interdisciplinary solution for complex systems

“… 67 In the realm of agriculture, artificial systems are made up of components such as artificial genotypes, environments, crop growth, and farmer behavior subsystems. 68 Moreover, modeling methods manifest diversity across various fields. The ABM method has been widely employed to construct artificial systems, enabling each agent to engage in straightforward interactions.…”

“…Parallel agriculture aims to achieve sustainable agriculture with potential applications spanning all stages: pre-production tasks, such as scheduling, market and demand analysis, and plant optimization; inter-production tasks, such as planting management, environmental control, soil analysis, fertilization, spraying, irrigation, and the use of pesticides and herbicides; and post-production tasks, including harvest, storage, processing, transportation, sales, and logistics scheduling. 68 Currently, the parallel systems method is leveraged to enable precision management of plant growth. 162 Kang et al.…”

Parallel Driving with Big Models and Foundation Intelligence in Cyber–Physical–Social Spaces

“…By iterating through this cycle, the vehicle continually enhances its decision-making capabilities, ensuring that its control and trajectory planning are not only efficient and effective but also trustworthy and aligned with the human operator’s expectations and comfort. Notably, to achieve a system that is more responsive and aligned with human needs and values, we have applied the concept of decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) [ 66 – 69 ]. Unlike traditional end-to-end solutions, DAOs can handle complex tasks and provide a more flexible framework for integrating human feedback into the training model.…”

What Does ChatGPT Say: The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence

“…Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) [18,28,29] are a promising solution to this issue. Decentralization could facilitate an evolution in the organizational structure of intelligence.…”