Decellularized matrix as a building block in bioprinting and electrospinning

Santschi, Matthias; Vernengo, Jennifer; Eglin, David; D’Este, Matteo; Wuertz‐Kozak, Karin

doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2019.05.003

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In a study of Youngstrom and Barrett (2016) decellularized equine SDFT was stated as ideal for tendon tissue engineering because of the preservation of the biochemical composition, structure and mechanics of native tendon ( Barrett et al, 2013 ). Tissue sample decellularization can also be combined with enzymatic digestion to create soluble decellularized ECM (dECM), which can be analogously processed like natural and synthetic materials, or even combined with them ( Santschi et al, 2019 ). When developing an in vitro model, however, the exact dECM composition should be determined every time in order to obtain reproducible results, which results in an undesirably expensive and cumbersome production process.…”

Section: Beginner: Models Using Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research

Meeremans

Walle

Vlierberghe

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Overuse tendon injuries are a major cause of musculoskeletal morbidity in both human and equine athletes, due to the cumulative degenerative damage. These injuries present significant challenges as the healing process often results in the formation of inferior scar tissue. The poor success with conventional therapy supports the need to search for novel treatments to restore functionality and regenerate tissue as close to native tendon as possible. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based strategies represent promising therapeutic tools for tendon repair in both human and veterinary medicine. The translation of tissue engineering strategies from basic research findings, however, into clinical use has been hampered by the limited understanding of the multifaceted MSC mechanisms of action. In vitro models serve as important biological tools to study cell behavior, bypassing the confounding factors associated with in vivo experiments. Controllable and reproducible in vitro conditions should be provided to study the MSC healing mechanisms in tendon injuries. Unfortunately, no physiologically representative tendinopathy models exist to date. A major shortcoming of most currently available in vitro tendon models is the lack of extracellular tendon matrix and vascular supply. These models often make use of synthetic biomaterials, which do not reflect the natural tendon composition. Alternatively, decellularized tendon has been applied, but it is challenging to obtain reproducible results due to its variable composition, less efficient cell seeding approaches and lack of cell encapsulation and vascularization. The current review will overview pros and cons associated with the use of different biomaterials and technologies enabling scaffold production. In addition, the characteristics of the ideal, state-of-the-art tendinopathy model will be discussed. Briefly, a representative in vitro tendinopathy model should be vascularized and mimic the hierarchical structure of the tendon matrix with elongated cells being organized in a parallel fashion and subjected to uniaxial stretching. Incorporation of mechanical stimulation, preferably uniaxial stretching may be a key element in order to obtain appropriate matrix alignment and create a pathophysiological model. Together, a thorough discussion on the current status and future directions for tendon models will enhance fundamental MSC research, accelerating translation of MSC therapies for tendon injuries from bench to bedside.

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Section: Beginner: Models Using Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research

Meeremans

Walle

Vlierberghe

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…89 Considering the beneficial effects on ECM components in maintaining and/or directing cell phenotype, 90 and degradation rate. 91 Given the importance of mechanical loading in disc degeneration and regeneration, bioreactor systems have been utilized to provide more physiologically relevant conditions for the development of functional IVD substitutes. 92 For example, compressive mechanical loading applied to a composite biomaterial scaffold, composed of nanofibrous strips seeded with cocultured AF cells/…”

Section: Optimization Of Cells and Cues For Ivd Tementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the beneficial effects on ECM components in maintaining and/or directing cell phenotype, 90 future strategies could incorporate decellularized ECM either within the polymer solution or post‐electrospinning to improve biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and degradation rate 91 . Given the importance of mechanical loading in disc degeneration and regeneration, bioreactor systems have been utilized to provide more physiologically relevant conditions for the development of functional IVD substitutes 92 .…”

Section: Electrospinningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospinning and 3D bioprinting for intervertebral disc tissue engineering

et al. 2020

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Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain and represents a massive socioeconomic burden. Current conservative and surgical treatments fail to restore native tissue architecture and functionality. Tissue engineering strategies, especially those based on 3D bioprinting and electrospinning, have emerged as possible alternatives by producing cell-seeded scaffolds that replicate the structure of the IVD extracellular matrix. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advancements and limitations of 3D bioprinting and electrospinning for the treatment of IVD degeneration, focusing on future areas of research that may contribute to their clinical translation.

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“…Many investigators have attempted to remedy this limitation by using bioprinting or electrospinning techniques to reintroduce mechanical and topographical information to the solubilized ECM. 60 A more holistic approach is to isolate the entire ECM scaffold from a tissue or organ. The common principle of decellularization techniques is based on the disruption of cell membrane by physical and chemical agents and the leaching out of the cellular contents.…”

Section: Decellularized Tissues As Isolated Cell Nichesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing, Replicating, and Engineering Tissue Microenvironment for Stem Cell Differentiation

Tang

Tong

Pang

et al. 2020

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

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One of the most crucial components of regenerative medicine is the controlled differentiation of embryonic or adult stem cells into the desired cell lineage. Although most of the reported protocols of stem cell differentiation involve the use of soluble growth factors, it is increasingly evident that stem cells also undergo differentiation when cultured in the appropriate microenvironment. When cultured in decellularized tissues, for instance, stem cells can recapitulate the morphogenesis and functional specialization of differentiated cell types with speed and efficiency that often surpass the traditional growth factor-driven protocols. This suggests that the tissue microenvironment (TME) provides stem cells with a holistic ''instructive niche'' that harbors signals for cellular reprogramming. The translation of this into medical applications requires the decoding of these signals, but this has been hampered by the complexity of TME. This problem is often addressed by a reductionist approach, in which cells are exposed to substrates decorated with simple, empirically designed geometries, textures, and chemical compositions (''bottom-up'' approach). Although these studies are invaluable in revealing the basic principles of mechanotransduction mechanisms, their physiological relevance is often uncertain. This review examines the recent progress of an alternative, ''top-down'' approach, in which the TME is treated as a holistic biological entity. This approach is made possible by recent advances in systems biology and fabrication technologies that enable the isolation, characterization, and reconstitution of TME. It is hoped that these new techniques will elucidate the nature of niche signals so that they can be extracted, replicated, and controlled. This review summarizes these emerging techniques and how the data they generated are changing our view on TME.

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Decellularized matrix as a building block in bioprinting and electrospinning

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research

The Lack of a Representative Tendinopathy Model Hampers Fundamental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Research

Electrospinning and 3D bioprinting for intervertebral disc tissue engineering

Deconstructing, Replicating, and Engineering Tissue Microenvironment for Stem Cell Differentiation

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