Deception detection, transmission, and modality in age and sex

Sweeney, Charlotte D.; Ceci, Stephen J.

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00590

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…These items have already been translated into French and validated in a sample of younger French adults [24] . In this study, participants had to answer each of the five statements on a five-point Likerttype scale ranging from never (1) to always (5). Scores on the last three statements were reversed so that a high value (total score for the five statements 25 points) reflected high deception.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

Haj¹,

Antoine²

2017

Gerontology

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Background: Deception can be associated with a heterogeneous network of concepts such as exaggeration, misleading, white lies, and faking. This paper assesses the tendency to deceive in aging. Objective: Our main aim was to assess whether older adults would demonstrate a low tendency to deceive. Methods: A total of 42 older adults (mean age 67.64 years, SD 7.87) and 45 younger adults (mean age 21.71 years, SD 2.66) were administered a deception scale including items such as “I sometimes tell lies if I have to” or “I never take things that don't belong to me.” Participants were also administered an inhibition task. Results: The results demonstrated a low tendency to deceive and low inhibition in older adults compared with younger ones. The low tendency to deceive in the older adults was significantly correlated with their diminished inhibitory ability. Discussion: The low tendency to deceive in aging seems to be related to a difficulty in inhibiting an honest response. Since inhibitory compromise has been considered mainly to trigger negative consequences for cognition, the present paper illustrates how this age-related compromise can be associated with positive social outcomes, i.e., a low tendency to deceive.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sweeney and Ceci [5] asked older and younger adults to detect lies in three modalities: audio, visual, and audiovisual. Overall, younger adults were better detectors than older adults, and both age groups were better at detecting lies in the audiovisual modality than in the other modalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

Haj¹,

Antoine²

2017

Gerontology

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“…In such a situation, any social pressure on the minority member to conform could be powerful because the witnesses are known to each other, entered the room at the same time (so there is no possibility that some were rehearsed to deceive), and have no motive to lie, hence no facial leakage that may accompany deception. Importantly, in the case of developmental comparisons, this procedure avoids the potential confound that older participants may be more persuasive liars than very young children, even when given identical coaching (Sweeney & Ceci, ), or in mixed‐age groups, the possibility that the older confederate is disproportionately influential in shaping younger participants' reports. We refer to this as the iKIM procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Reversals in Report Conformity: Psycho‐Legal Implications

Kim

Kwon

Ceci

2017

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Young children, young adults, and older adults witnessed a scene in groups of four same-aged acquaintances. Unbeknownst to the group, a technology allowed the scene to appear differently to one member (minority) than to the others (majority), which obviated the need to rehearse confederates or to artificially provide misinformation for the report conformity effect. After viewing, participants had public recollections, and 3 days later, their cued memory and confidence (for adults) were tested privately. Majority members' reports influenced the minority members' but only for adults, not for children (17% conformity compared with 35% for adults), thus providing evidence of developmental reversals in memory reports of verbatim details. Answer changes between the sessions were dramatically higher for minority participants at all three ages (6.7 vs. 66.7% for children, 10 vs. 50% for younger adults, and 26.7 vs. 63.3% for older adults). We discuss the implications of these findings for questioning cowitnesses.

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“…Given the acknowledged need to examine forensic populations and high-stakes lies (Porter and ten Brinke, 2010), the present study used video footage of real-life missing person appeals, to investigate the relative contribution of cue knowledge and confidence as predictors of deception detection accuracy. Further, we wanted to control for participant's age, as previous studies have found that age may be a negative predictor of lie detection ability (Sweeney and Ceci 2014). We predicted that participants who were given the previously identified reliable cues (Wright Whelan et al 2014, 2015a would have an increased ability to detect lies, in comparison to participants who were relying on intuition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lie Detection Accuracy—the Role of Age and the Use of Emotions as a Reliable Cue

Shaw

Lyons

2016

J Police Crim Psych

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Literature surrounding the accuracy of deception detection has produced inconsistent findings, and the majority of investigations have been based upon low-stakes lies. Although recent research has suggested that high-stakes situations may produce reliable cues to deception, it remains unclear whether knowledge of these cues actually improves the detection of lies. In an online experiment, we assessed participant's ability to detect lies in 22 public appeals for help with missing or murdered relatives (N = 196). Participants were randomly allocated to either the cue condition (presented with previously identified cues to deception) or no cue condition (instructed to make judgement on instinct), before being presented with the video footage. Participants were asked to indicate whether the appealer is lying or telling the truth, how confident they are in their judgement and if they were familiar with the case. At the end of the experiment, participants wrote qualitative responses on the cues that they used during lie detection. Although cue knowledge and confidence did not significantly predict accuracy scores, there was a positive relationship between accuracy and age. Participants who used emotion-based cues were significantly better at detecting deception. The findings are discussed with reference to the existence of reliable cues.

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Deception detection, transmission, and modality in age and sex

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

Developmental Reversals in Report Conformity: Psycho‐Legal Implications

Lie Detection Accuracy—the Role of Age and the Use of Emotions as a Reliable Cue

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