Deciphering Anthropogenic Effects on the Genetic Background of the Red Deer in the Iberian Peninsula

Queirós, João; Gortázar, Christian; Alves, Paulo C.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2020.00147

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The introduction of invasive species to distribution ranges of closely related species may have a similar effect [ 36 , 103 ]. Together with habitat fragmentation and destruction, introduced species are an important threat to global biodiversity [ 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ]. Many wild ungulates are valuable game species, and therefore are strongly affected by humans by extensive translocations and introductions of non-native species, hunting, and artificial management; all these factors contribute to hybridization within ungulate families [ 108 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Hybridization in Mammals: A Systematic Review

Adavoudi¹,

Pilot²

2021

Genes

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Hybridization, defined as breeding between two distinct taxonomic units, can have an important effect on the evolutionary patterns in cross-breeding taxa. Although interspecific hybridization has frequently been considered as a maladaptive process, which threatens species genetic integrity and survival via genetic swamping and outbreeding depression, in some cases hybridization can introduce novel adaptive variation and increase fitness. Most studies to date focused on documenting hybridization events and analyzing their causes, while relatively little is known about the consequences of hybridization and its impact on the parental species. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review of studies on hybridization in mammals published in 2010–2021, and identified 115 relevant studies. Of 13 categories of hybridization consequences described in these studies, the most common negative consequence (21% of studies) was genetic swamping and the most common positive consequence (8%) was the gain of novel adaptive variation. The total frequency of negative consequences (49%) was higher than positive (13%) and neutral (38%) consequences. These frequencies are biased by the detection possibilities of microsatellite loci, the most common genetic markers used in the papers assessed. As negative outcomes are typically easier to demonstrate than positive ones (e.g., extinction vs hybrid speciation), they may be over-represented in publications. Transition towards genomic studies involving both neutral and adaptive variation will provide a better insight into the real impacts of hybridization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Hybridization in Mammals: A Systematic Review

Adavoudi¹,

Pilot²

2021

Genes

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“…Among ungulates, the evidence of hybridization varies in different countries [59][60][61][62][63]. The volume and effects of anthropogenic hybridization and wildlife translocations can differ region to region, as well as the efficiency of efforts of wildlife conservation or national prevention [21]. However, where there is a possibility of the presence of hybrids, the single utilization of maternal inherited mt DNA marker is not appropriate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selective hunting for bigger trophies has been accompanied by the importance of a trophy hunting industry [21]. For example, in Hungary the official tabs fixed on the animal corpses can identify legally hunted and documented animals in a processing house but cannot prevent the cheating cases with trophies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Sexing and Species Detection of Antlered European Hunting Game for Forensic Purposes

Zenke

Zorkóczy

Lehotzky³

et al. 2022

Animals

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Molecular sexing techniques are widely applied in conservation biology, although the range of forensically validated methods is fairly limited. The primary aim of this work was to develop forensically validated assays, using two PCR panels for sex and species assignment for the abundant antlered European game species: red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama). Segments of the SRY and Amelogenin X/Y genes for sex determination, additionally species-specific cytochrome b regions for species detection were targeted and separately amplified in two multiplex reactions. These assays can reliably analyze trace amounts of DNA. The results of both can easily be visualized and interpreted practically, either on agarose gel or by capillary electrophoresis. These simple, fast molecular assays are able to affect the early-stage resolution of disputed or unsolved poaching cases, without the need of individualization or sequencing of forensic samples.

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“…The genetic structure of large mammal species is affected by natural and anthropogenic factors. Anthropogenic impacts like selective hunting, translocations, and habitat destruction/fragmentation can blur natural patterns of genetic diversity and relationships (Frantz et al 2006;Haanes et al 2010;Dellicour et al 2011;Carden et al 2012;Stanton et al 2016;Zachos et al 2016;Galarza et al 2017;Queirós et al 2020). Such impacts, particularly in game species, can cause the disintegration of populations into several subpopulations with a more or less pronounced genetic exchange (Hartl et al 2003;Willems et al 2016;Iacolina et al 2019;Mihalik et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic traces of dispersal and admixture in red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations from the Carpathian Basin

et al. 2022

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After the last glacial, the Carpathian Basin was repopulated from either eastward or northward colonisation routes for various species; one of these was the emblematic member of the European megafauna, the red deer, Cervus elaphus. We analysed 303 red deer individuals from the middle of the region, in seven Hungarian game reserves, at ten microsatellite loci (C01, C229, T26, T108, T123, T156, T172, T193, T501, T507), to investigate the genetic diversity of these subpopulations. We discovered high levels of genetic diversity of red deer subpopulations; allelic richness values ranging 4.99–7.01, observed heterozygosity 0.729–0.800, polymorphic information content 0.722–0.806, and Shannon’s information index 1.668–2.064. Multi-locus analyses indicated population admixtures of various degrees that corresponded to geographical location, and complex genetic structures were shown by clustering. Populations in the south-western and the north-eastern parts of the region formed two highly separated groups, and the red deer from populations in between them were highly admixed (in western Pannonia/Transdanubia, where the Danube flows into the Carpathian Basin). This pattern corresponds to the distribution of mitochondrial as well as Y-chromosome lineages. Assignment tests showed that a large fraction of individuals (29.4%) are found outside of their population of origin, indicating that the dispersal of red deer is rather common, which could be expected considering the life course of the species.

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Deciphering Anthropogenic Effects on the Genetic Background of the Red Deer in the Iberian Peninsula

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Consequences of Hybridization in Mammals: A Systematic Review

Consequences of Hybridization in Mammals: A Systematic Review

Molecular Sexing and Species Detection of Antlered European Hunting Game for Forensic Purposes

Genetic traces of dispersal and admixture in red deer (Cervus elaphus) populations from the Carpathian Basin

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