Decision Making as a Learned Skill in Mice and Humans

Posner, Michael I.; Weible, Aldis P.; Voelker, Pascale; Rothbart, Mary K.; Niell, Cristopher M.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.834701

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Thinking of cognition, and in particular, decision making, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) might be the most obvious player coming into the equation. Various recent studies investigated PFC activity during active decision making in the mouse (Bicks et al, 2015 ; Vertechi et al, 2020 ; Posner et al, 2022 ) and rat (Kurikawa et al, 2018 ; Verharen et al, 2020 ) describing multi-modal processing capacities (Bizley et al, 2016 ; Shadi et al, 2020 ; Coen et al, 2021 ; Zheng et al, 2021 ) and implications during social cognition (Yizhar et al, 2011 ; Kumar et al, 2014 ; Felix-Ortiz et al, 2016 ; Murugan et al, 2017 ; Levy et al, 2019 ; Mague et al, 2020 ). More particular, multiple studies point to a prominent role of PFC during opposite-sex choice and social approach behavior (Nakajima et al, 2014 ; Kim et al, 2015 ; Lee et al, 2016 ; Jennings et al, 2019 ; Levy et al, 2019 ; Kingsbury et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Neural Circuits For Auditory and Somatosensation In The Cont...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing, touching, and multisensory integration during mate choice

Lenschow

Mendes

Lima

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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Mate choice is a potent generator of diversity and a fundamental pillar for sexual selection and evolution. Mate choice is a multistage affair, where complex sensory information and elaborate actions are used to identify, scrutinize, and evaluate potential mating partners. While widely accepted that communication during mate assessment relies on multimodal cues, most studies investigating the mechanisms controlling this fundamental behavior have restricted their focus to the dominant sensory modality used by the species under examination, such as vision in humans and smell in rodents. However, despite their undeniable importance for the initial recognition, attraction, and approach towards a potential mate, other modalities gain relevance as the interaction progresses, amongst which are touch and audition. In this review, we will: (1) focus on recent findings of how touch and audition can contribute to the evaluation and choice of mating partners, and (2) outline our current knowledge regarding the neuronal circuits processing touch and audition (amongst others) in the context of mate choice and ask (3) how these neural circuits are connected to areas that have been studied in the light of multisensory integration.

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Section: Neural Circuits For Auditory and Somatosensation In The Cont...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing, touching, and multisensory integration during mate choice

Lenschow

Mendes

Lima

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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“…Another approach to the molecular level deals with the interaction between attention and memory networks during the learning of skills (See Posner et al 2022 ) and involves two pathways (illustrated in Figure 3 ). The mouse learning study discussed in the previous section allowed us to extract brain tissue from the ACC, HC and blood of mice before and after learning.…”

Section: Interaction Of Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For one thing, we know relatively little about the direction of flow in subcortical areas where axons conducting information in different directions are within the same axonic bundle. We have proposed using a two virus method that may be able to solve this issue ( Posner et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution and Future Development of Attention Networks

Posner

2023

J. Intell.

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The goal of this paper is to examine how the development of attention networks has left many important issues unsolved and to propose possible directions for solving them by combining human and animal studies. The paper starts with evidence from citation mapping that indicates attention has played a central role in integrating cognitive and neural studies into Cognitive Neuroscience. The integration of the fields depends in part upon similarities and differences in performance over a wide variety of animals. In the case of exogenous orienting of attention primates, rodents and humans are quite similar, but this is not so with executive control. In humans, attention networks continue to develop at different rates during infancy and childhood and into adulthood. From age four on, the Attention Network Test (ANT) allows measurement of individual differences in the alerting, orienting and executive networks. Overt and covert orienting do overlap in their anatomy, but there is evidence of some degree of functional independence at the cellular level. The attention networks frequently work together with sensory, memory and other networks. Integration of animal and human studies may be advanced by examining common genes involved in individual attention networks or their integration with other brain networks. Attention networks involve widely scattered computation nodes in different brain areas, both cortical and subcortical. Future studies need to attend to the white matter that connects them and the direction of information flow during task performance.

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“…This region has been shown to maintain cue-specific neuronal activity in a delayed working memory task [46]. The human parietal cortex, that gathers information from EC may also facilitate orienting the attention of the subject during a decision-making task [47]. Focusing on the OB-PCx-EC pathway may help in delineating the circuit mechanisms of 'certain' decisions.…”

Section: Figure 2: Faster Olfactory Matching Time For Correct Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty revealed by delayed responses during olfactory matching

Bhowmik

Pardasani

Mahajan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Matching of olfactory stimuli involves both sensory and higher cognitive functioning. Different decision processes such as detection and discrimination, along with holding the perceived information are involved during the matching process. Accuracy and decision times, the interdependent readouts, can define the uncertainty involved in matching of sensory stimuli. To probe sensory and cognitive functions involving olfactory system in human subjects, we have developed a novel olfactory matching paradigm using an automated custom-built olfactory-action meter. With precise and consistent odor delivery and real-time data analysis, our system automates the entire process without any intervention by the experimenter, making it suitable as a diagnostic tool for quantifying olfactory and neurocognitive fitness. In around 400 healthy human subjects, with mean detection accuracy of 90%, we observed significantly better olfactory matching performance for simple monomolecular odors, in comparison to complex binary odor mixtures. Odor matching accuracy declined significantly with the increase in odor complexity. Olfactory matching was more rapid when subjects made correct versus incorrect decisions, indicating perceptual certainty. Subjects also took longer matching time for complex odors compared to simple odor stimuli. Thus, olfactory matching that provides a combined readout of sensory and cognitive fitness, establishes a direct link between the performance accuracy and the certainty of decisions.

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Decision Making as a Learned Skill in Mice and Humans

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Hearing, touching, and multisensory integration during mate choice

Hearing, touching, and multisensory integration during mate choice

The Evolution and Future Development of Attention Networks

Uncertainty revealed by delayed responses during olfactory matching

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