Decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG, IgM and IgA in convalescent COVID-19 patients within 100 days after hospital discharge

Ma, Huan; Zhao, Dan; Zeng, Weihong; Yu, Yang; Hu, Xiaowen; Zhou, Peigen; Weng, Jianping; Cheng, Linzhao; Zheng, Xueying; Jin, Tengchuan

doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1805-0

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Among 27 COVID-19 convalescent patients, all except one (#10) experienced a significant decline in SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA, 100 days post-hospital discharge. Meanwhile, a significant reduction in SARS-CoV-2specific IgM was observed in all patients except one (#14) within 100 days after hospital discharge [30]. In summary, the majority of COVID-19 patients elicit detectable an antibody response within 10-14 days post-infection, with milder cases displaying lower antibody titers than severe cases.…”

Section: Humoral Response Against Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Additionally, only the low NAb titer group (<20) exhibited direct-contact transmission [38]. Furthermore, the recorded antibody decline in several studies [28][29][30] may explain reinfection. Thirdly, according to the reinfection cases reported, the viral genomes from both infections either belonged to different clades, lineages or differed by a considerable number of mutations (>2 substitutions per month) [9,10,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Possible Causes Of Reinfectionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Studies from Iceland and the United States indicated that SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels did not decline and remained relatively stable within four months post-infection [26,27]. In contrast, other studies reported a rapid decline in antibody levels within 3-4 months post-infection [28][29][30]. Among 27 COVID-19 convalescent patients, all except one (#10) experienced a significant decline in SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgA, 100 days post-hospital discharge.…”

Section: Humoral Response Against Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reinfections in COVID-19 Patients: Impact of Virus Genetic Variability and Host Immunity

Fakhroo¹,

Al-Khatib

Thani

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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The COVID-19 pandemic is still posing a devastating threat to social life and economics. Despite the modest decrease in the number of cases during September–November 2020, the number of active cases is on the rise again. This increase was associated with the emergence and spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), such as the U.K. (B1.1.7), South Africa (B1.351), Brazil (P1), and Indian (B1.617.2) strains. The rapid spread of these new variants has raised concerns about the multiple waves of infections and the effectiveness of available vaccines. In this review, we discuss SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rates in previously infected and vaccinated individuals in relation to humoral responses. Overall, a limited number of reinfection cases have been reported worldwide, suggesting long protective immunity. Most reinfected patients were asymptomatic during the second episode of infection. Reinfection was attributed to several viral and/or host factors, including (i) underlying immunological comorbidities; (ii) low antibody titers due to the primary infection or vaccination; (iii) rapid decline in antibody response after infection or vaccination; and (iv) reinfection with a different SARS-CoV-2 variant/lineage. Infections after vaccination were also reported on several occasions, but mostly associated with mild or no symptoms. Overall, findings suggest that infection- and vaccine-induced immunity would protect from severe illness, with the vaccine being effective against most VOCs.

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Section: Humoral Response Against Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Possible Causes Of Reinfectionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Humoral Response Against Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reinfections in COVID-19 Patients: Impact of Virus Genetic Variability and Host Immunity

Fakhroo¹,

Al-Khatib

Thani

et al. 2021

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These results suggest that asymptomatically infected humans have weak immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and raise a critical issue of whether these individuals have protective immunity against a second infection. Together with recent studies demonstrating rapid decay of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients (Chen et al, 2020b;Ibarrondo et al, 2020;Isho et al, 2020;Iyer et al, 2020;Kutsuna et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2020;Terpos et al, 2020), it is clear that potent COVID-19 vaccines are needed to elicit long lasting immune protection in the general population.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Many studies have reported the decline of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients (Chen et al, 2020b;Harvala et al, 2020;Ibarrondo et al, 2020;Isho et al, 2020;Iyer et al, 2020;Kutsuna et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2020;Terpos et al, 2020). Ma and colleagues showed that anti-RBD antibodies in most COVID-19 patients reduced significantly within 100 days after discharge and they further predicted that the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies would disappear in 9 months (Ma et al, 2020). Within the three classes of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, IgA and IgM have much shorter lives than antigen-specific IgG (Isho et al, 2020;Iyer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Humoral Responses To Sars-cov-2 Infection In Covid-19 Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients: what can be learned for vaccine development?

Zhang

Zhan

et al. 2020

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected millions of people and caused tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is lacking, and different therapeutic strategies are under testing. Host humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection is a critical determinant for patients’ outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection results in seroconversion and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The antibodies may suppress viral replication through neutralization but might also participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement. Rapid progress has been made in the research of antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients, including characterization of the clinical features of antibody responses in different populations infected by SARS-CoV-2, treatment of COVID-19 patients with convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobin products, isolation and characterization of a large panel of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and early clinical testing, as well as clinical results from several COVID-19 vaccine candidates. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and discuss the implications of these findings in vaccine development.

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Weak correlation between antibody titers and neutralizing activity in sera from SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects

Criscuolo

Diotti

Strollo

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Plenty of serologic tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have been developed so far, thus documenting the importance of evaluating the relevant features of the immune response to this viral agent. The performance of these assays is currently under investigation. Amongst them, LIAISON® SARS‐CoV‐2 S1/S2 IgG by DiaSorin and Elecsys Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 cobas® by Roche are currently used by laboratory medicine hospital departments in Italy and many other countries. In the present study, we firstly compared two serologic tests on serum samples collected at two different time points from 46 laboratory‐confirmed coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) subjects. Secondly, 85 negative serum samples collected before the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic were analyzed. Thirdly, possible correlations between antibody levels and the resulting neutralizing activity against a clinical isolate of SARS‐CoV‐2 were evaluated. Results revealed that both tests are endowed with low sensitivity on the day of hospital admission, which increased to 97.8% and 100% for samples collected after 15 days for DiaSorin and Roche tests, respectively. The specificity evaluated for the two tests ranges from 96.5% to 100%, respectively. Importantly, a poor direct correlation between antibody titers and neutralizing activity levels was evidenced in the present study. These data further shed light on both potentials and possible limitations related to SARS‐CoV‐2 serology. In this context, great efforts are still necessary for investigating antibody kinetics to develop novel diagnostic algorithms. Moreover, further investigations on the role of neutralizing antibodies and their correlate of protection will be of paramount importance for the development of effective vaccines.

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Decline of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG, IgM and IgA in convalescent COVID-19 patients within 100 days after hospital discharge

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Reinfections in COVID-19 Patients: Impact of Virus Genetic Variability and Host Immunity

Reinfections in COVID-19 Patients: Impact of Virus Genetic Variability and Host Immunity

Antibody response and therapy in COVID-19 patients: what can be learned for vaccine development?

Weak correlation between antibody titers and neutralizing activity in sera from SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects

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