Decocting-induced chemical transformations and global quality of Du–Shen–Tang, the decoction of ginseng evaluated by UPLC–Q-TOF-MS/MS based chemical profiling approach

Repetitious steaming-induced chemical transformations and global quality of black ginseng derived from Panax ginseng by HPLC-ESI-MS/MSn based chemical profiling approach

“…3). [15,34]. Notably, acetyl ginsenoside Rs 1 /Rs 2 , two artifact ginsenosides, were only detected in the mimic baking extracts of malonyl-Rb 2 and malonyl-Rc [35].…”

Influence of sulphur-fumigation on the quality of white ginseng: A quantitative evaluation of major ginsenosides by high performance liquid chromatography

“…On the other hand, the contents of 10 ginsenosides detected in decoctions of sulphur-fumigated white ginseng decreased by about 33-83% respectively, and the total content of the 10 ginsenosides decreased by up to 64% when compared with that of non-fumigated white ginseng (Table 3). In addition, ginsenoside Rh 2 and Rg 5 , two ginsenosides characteristic to red ginseng (Kwon et al, 2001), could be detected in the decoctions of sulphur-fumigated white ginseng but not in that of non-fumigated white ginseng, In our previous study, we found that some original ginsenosides in white ginseng could be transformed into ginsenoside derivatives through hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation and addition reactions during decocting, but ginsenoside Rh 2 and Rg 5 was also not detected in the decoction of white ginseng (Li et al, 2010). All above results indicated that sulphur-fumigation can influence not only the contents of original ginsenosides in white ginseng, but also the decocting-induced chemical transformation of ginsenosides.…”

“…In previous work on analysis of white ginseng (Li et al, 2010), it was found that some sulphur-containing compounds were detected in a commercial white ginseng sample (this sample was then suspected to be sulphur-fumigated ginseng sample), and the retention times of these sulphur-containing compounds were shorter than that of original ginsenosides. In addition, many ginsenoside derivatives which were proposed to be generated through hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation and addition reactions of original ginsenosdes were detected in decoctions of white ginseng.…”

“…Therefore, in this study, the chromatography conditions were optimised to simultaneously separate not only original ginsenosides, but also ginsenoside derivatives and sulphur-containing compounds (the structure elucidation of these sulphur-containing compounds is beyond the scope of this paper, and will be reported soon). Furthermore, Rg 1 (peak 1) and Re (peak 2), two original ginsenosides, whose baselines were not easily separated in previously reported works (Christensen, Jensen, & Kidmose, 2006;Kim et al, 2007;Li et al, 2010), were eluted with baseline separation under the optimised chromatographic condition.…”

Recent developments in qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemical constituents and their metabolites using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…Li et al studied on the holistic chemical profiles of Du-Shen-Tang (ginseng decoctions) traditionally used as a tonic and a panacea using UHPLC-QTOF [153]. Because of higher sensitivity and clearer mass spectra in negative ion mode, ginsenosides were analyzed in negative ion mode.…”