Decolonization ofStaphylococcus aureusin Healthcare: A Dermatology Perspective

Abstract

The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and financial burden in healthcare. It easily colonizes susceptible patients and can cause recurrent infections, especially in populations at risk. In addition to treating sequelae of infections, there is a growing body of literature aimed at decolonizing susceptible patients in order to prevent infection and also to prevent spread. Such strategies are widely employed in surgical, intensive care, and hospitalist fields. Staphylococcus aureus involvement has been implicated in the pathogenesis and persistence of many dermatologic diseases that are treated in the outpatient setting. This review serves to summarize current evidence for the management of Staphylococcus aureus colonized patients, as well as the evidence available for decolonization. We further characterize the role that colonization may play in atopic dermatitis, recurrent infections, hand eczema, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and also in surgical infections after Mohs surgery.

Zinc(II) Complexes with Amino Acids for Potential Use in Dermatology: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antibacterial Activity

“…Bacterial strains selected for the present studies are microorganisms that cause various disorders from urinary, respiratory, and heart diseases to skin and wound infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a component of human natural microflora, but under certain conditions it can colonize skin and soft tissues, causing infection and contributing to atopic dermatitis or hand eczema [25,26]. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes are often isolated from wounds and skin lesions [27].…”

In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Some Plant Essential Oils Against Nasal Staphylococcus Aureus.

“…The greatest frequent transport position is the vestibulum nasi (anterior nares), which performs like a tank for the especially information of the pathogen [9]. These bacteria can found solid interactions with nasal epithelial cells by different proteins and more cell surface constituents, thus transforming into persistent carriage [10].…”

The Dermatologist Nose Best: Correlation of Nose-Picking Habits and Staphylococcus aureus–Related Dermatologic Disease

“…The Infectious Diseases Society of America has published guidelines for treating recurrent MRSA infection, including 5 to 10 days of intranasal mupirocin plus either body decolonization with a daily chlorhexidine wash for 5 to 14 days or a 15-minute dilute bleach bath twice weekly for 3 months. 3,4 There are ample meta-analyses and systematic reviews regarding S aureus decolonization and management in patients undergoing dialysis or surgery but limited data when it comes to this topic in dermatology. Those limited studies do show a benefit to decolonization in several diseases, including atopic dermatitis, hand dermatitis, recurrent skin and soft-tissue infections, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and surgical infection following Mohs micrographic surgery.…”

“…Those limited studies do show a benefit to decolonization in several diseases, including atopic dermatitis, hand dermatitis, recurrent skin and soft-tissue infections, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and surgical infection following Mohs micrographic surgery. 4 Typically, it also is necessary to treat those who might come in contact with the patient or caregiver; in theory, treating contacts helps reduce the chance that the patient will become recolonized shortly afterward, but the data are limited regarding long-term colonization status following treatment. Contact surfaces, especially cell phones, are noted to be a contributing factor to nares colonization; therefore, it also may be necessary to educate patients on surface-cleaning techniques.…”

“…Due to rising bacterial resistance to mupirocin and chlorhexidine decolonization strategies, there is a growing need for more effective, long-term decolonization strategies. 4 These strategies must address patients' environmental exposure and nasal-touching habits. Overcoming the habit of nose-picking might aid S aureus decolonization strategies and thus aid in preventing future antimicrobial resistance.…”