Decomposition of Douglas-fir and red alder wood in clear-cuttings

Edmonds, Robert L.; Vogt, Daniel J.; Sandberg, David H.; Driver, Charles H.

doi:10.1139/x86-145

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…We expected respiration rates for downed birch and maple to be higher than for oak and conifer due to wood physiology and biochemistry (Edmonds et al 1986;Harmon et al 1986;Rayner and Boddy 1988;Schowalter 1992), but this difference was observed only for pieces in more advanced states of decay. Respiration rates were significantly higher for birch compared to oak and conifer, and for maple compared to oak for decay class III CWD [F (90) =8.28, P<0.001].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

et al. 2006

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Woody debris (WD) is an important component of forest C budgets, both as a C reservoir and source of CO2 to the atmosphere. We used an infrared gas analyzer and closed dynamic chamber to measure CO(2) efflux from downed coarse WD (CWD; diameter>or=7.5 cm) and fine WD (FWD; 7.5 cm>diameter>or=2 cm) to assess respiration in a selectively logged forest and a maturing forest (control site) in the northeastern USA. We developed two linear regression models to predict WD respiration: one based on WD temperature, moisture, and size (R2=0.57), and the other on decay class and air temperature (R2=0.32). WD respiration (0.28+/-0.09 Mg C ha-1 year-1) contributed only approximately 2% of total ecosystem respiration (12.3+/-0.7 Mg C ha-1 year-1, 1999-2003), but net C flux from CWD accounted for up to 30% of net ecosystem exchange in the maturing forest. C flux from CWD on the logged site increased modestly, from 0.61+/-0.29 Mg C ha-1 year-1 prior to logging to 0.77+/-0.23 Mg C ha-1 year-1 after logging, reflecting increased CWD stocks. FWD biomass and associated respiration flux were approximately 7 times and approximately 5 times greater, respectively, in the logged site than the control site. The net C flux associated with CWD, including inputs and respiratory outputs, was 0.35+/-0.19 Mg C ha-1 year-1 (net C sink) in the control site and -0.30+/-0.30 Mg C ha-1 year-1 (net C source) in the logged site. We infer that accumulation of WD may represent a small net C sink in maturing northern hardwood forests. Disturbance, such as selective logging, can enlarge the WD pool, increasing the net C flux from the WD pool to the atmosphere and potentially causing it to become a net C source.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Wood density (g cm À3 ) CWD diameter and decay rate (Abbott and Crossley 1982;Edmonds et al 1986;Harmon et al 1995;Yoneda 1985). However, another study in a northern hardwood forest also did not detect a diameter effect for diameters of up to 16 cm (Foster and Lang 1982).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

et al. 2006

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“…Also, micrometeorological conditions, size of material, and soil nutrient processes in old-growth forests differ from those in harvested areas affecting the amount and size of downed wood (Edmonds et al 1986). Consequently, the 170 Mg/ha of aboveground woody debris biomass in BO (CWD, old-growth stumps/snags, old-growth logs, and recent stumps) at Fall River was markedly lower than the 456 Mg/ha biomass of debris > 0.6 cm in diameter in an old-growth forest in Olympic National Park (Agee and Huff 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fall River Long-Term Site Productivity study in coastal Washington: site characteristics, methods, and biomass and carbon and nitrogen stores before and after harvest.

Ares¹,

Terry²,

Piatek³

et al. 2007

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The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation's forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and national grasslands, it strives-as directed by Congress-to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation.The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202)

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“…The diagonal line marks the 1:1 data-to-®tted value ratio (R 2 the coecient of determination, RMSE root mean square error, n number of data points) Frangi et al 1997, whose multiple-diameter data were basically of two classes), slower ), or at a rate similar to that of the larger diameter class Taylor 1991). Where three diameter classes were included, the dierence in the observed WD decay rate was statistically insigni®cant between two of the classes (Abbott and Crossley 1982;Foster and Lang 1982;Miller 1983;Barber and Van Lear 1984;Edmonds et al 1986) except for one case in Yavitt and Fahey (1982).…”

Section: The Parameterized Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The failure of these variables as descriptors for f q0 was unlikely due to insucient data. Rather, the ®nding represents a summary conclusion of individual reports that the correlations of WD decay with lignin and nitrogen concentrations were in general either weak or non-existent (e.g., Edmonds et al 1986;Edmonds 1987;Taylor et al 1991;Frangi et al 1997).…”

Section: The Parameterized Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decay of forest woody debris: numerical modeling and implications based on some 300 data cases from North America

Yin¹

1999

Oecologia

105

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The decay rate of forest woody debris (WD) is a key missing link for a quantitative understanding of forest carbon dynamics and the global carbon budget. This paper reports an attempt to synthesize the available information into a unifying and testable numerical model pertinent to the analysis and projection of WD decay in field conditions. The model is rooted in an integrative theory that depicts decay as a process of substrate quality degradation along with feedback responses of microbial activity. It is parameterized through regression analysis against 112 data cases of stem and branch WD decay in North America, and then is evaluated against 132 additional data cases for stem and branch WD, and 75 data cases for root WD decay. The root mean square errors of both the fitted and the projected WD decay rates are about 14% of the means of respective data sets. Aided by peripheral algorithms, the model solves WD decay with data requirements limited to (1) tree species, and (2) air temperature and precipitation in January and July for forested sites, plus (3) latitude and elevation for deforested sites. The mathematical and physical implications of the model by its component functions and as a whole are generally supported by independent evidence from the literature where available. Those implications include: (1) the observed decay rate is lower when defined by density loss than by mass loss, when inferred from chronosequence survey than from population monitoring, or when estimated with specimens with end-coating than without coating; (2) the initial quality of WD differs between Abies/Picea and other species among conifers, or along the gradients of shade tolerance and normal stem slenderness among the deciduous trees; (3) the basic microbial growth rate (the rate at a WD quality of unity) increases with ambient temperature but decreases along the gradients of July precipitation-to-potential evapotranspiration ratio and January precipitation under forested conditions; and (4) WD decay may be accelerated or hampered after canopy removal, depending on local air humidity. The model further suggests that the lower of substrate quality and the basic microbial growth rate exerts a proportionally greater constraint on the decay rate, so the difference in WD decay by substrate and site narrows as the substrate quality degrades over time. Thus, a 2°C warming in air temperature would accelerate stem WD decay by 9-55% across the data sites for the 1st year, but only 1-14% by year 100.

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Decomposition of Douglas-fir and red alder wood in clear-cuttings

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

The Fall River Long-Term Site Productivity study in coastal Washington: site characteristics, methods, and biomass and carbon and nitrogen stores before and after harvest.

The decay of forest woody debris: numerical modeling and implications based on some 300 data cases from North America

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