Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

Liu, Wendy H.; Bryant, David M.; Hutyra, Lucy R.; Saleska, S. R.; Hammond-Pyle, Elizabeth; Curran, Daniel J.; Wofsy, Steven C.

doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0356-9

Cited by 56 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Coarse woody debris buildups and increases in the net carbon efflux have been reported by other researchers (Plaut 2002, Howard et al 2004, Liu et al 2006. A comparison between the post-logging succession series of the two woody species show that logged Abies sibirica stands remain a carbon source to the age of 55-60, whereas logged Pinus sylvestris sites become carbon sinks by this age due to high phytomass production, low logging slash amount and rate of decomposition.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Carbon budget recovery and role of coarse woody debris in post-logging forest ecosystems of Southern Siberia

Mukhortova

2012

Bosque (Valdivia)

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SUMMARYForest harvesting is a major human-caused disturbance affecting carbon budgets in forest ecosystems. This study was concerned with post-logging carbon pool changes in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) stands. To understand carbon budget recovery trends following logging, carbon stock and fluxes were measured in stands differing in time since logging. In both Scots pine and fir stands disturbed by logging, the tree phytomass contribution to the carbon budget decreased drastically, whereas the coarse woody debris (CWD) carbon pool exhibited a marked increase. Sixty years following logging, the Scots pine stand carbon storage was almost 70 % of that prior to logging and the ratio between the phytomass and soil organic matter was the same as before the disturbance. While the phytomass carbon showed a similar trend in the fir stand of the same age, it was less than on the control stand. In a 50-55-year-old fir stand, 26 years since harvesting, the phytomass carbon recovered only by 15 %. Siberian fir and Scots pine logging sites differed in CWD loading and decomposition rate. The phytomass dynamics and CWD loading values obtained suggest that Scots pine stands which have experienced logging are most likely carbon sinks, as was clear from the phytomass production exceeding organic matter decomposition-caused fluxes. Conversely, logged fir ecosystems are likely to be sources of carbon to the atmosphere due to a large CWD loading, faster rate of its decomposition, and slow phytomass increment.Key words: carbon budget, logging, phytomass, coarse woody debris, decomposition. RESUMENLa explotación forestal es un importante disturbio de origen humano que afecta el balance de carbono en ecosistemas forestales. Este estudio se concentró en los cambios de las reservas de carbono post-cosecha de rodales de pino silvestre (Pinus sylvestris) y abeto siberiano (Abies sibirica). Para entender la recuperación del balance de carbono después de la cosecha, se midió el stock y flujo de carbono en diferentes momentos posterior a la cosecha. En ambos rodales explotados, la contribución de la fitomasa forestal al balance de carbono disminuyó drásticamente, mientras que la reserva de carbono en los residuos leñosos de gran tamaño (CWD) exhibió un marcado incremento. Sesenta años después de la cosecha, el almacenamiento de carbono en rodales de pino silvestre fue casi del 70 % respecto a lo de antes de cosecha. El radio entre la fitomasa y la materia orgánica del suelo fue el mismo al de antes de la perturbación. Si bien la fitomasa de carbono mostró una tendencia similar en el rodal de abeto, éste fue menor que el rodal control. En un rodal de abeto de 50-55 años de edad, 26 años desde la explotación, el carbono de la fitomasa se recuperó en sólo un 15 %. Rodales explotados de abetos de Siberia y de pino silvestre difirieron en la carga de CWD y en la tasa de descomposición. La dinámica de la fitomasa y los valores de carga de CWD sugieren que los rodales explotados de pino silvestre son probablemente s...

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Carbon budget recovery and role of coarse woody debris in post-logging forest ecosystems of Southern Siberia

Mukhortova

2012

Bosque (Valdivia)

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“…Moving from species-richness to functional diversity of the decaying community (Heilmann-Clausen 2001;Marcot 2002;Urcelay and Robledo 2004), the question arises of whether this diversity is a factor in determining the diVerent rates of decomposition of CWD of diVerent decay classes and tree species (Mackensen et al 2003;Yatskov et al 2003). Answering this question is important because the action of deadwood decomposers and consequent durability of CWD are a source of uncertainty in the role of terrestrial ecosystems as global carbon sinks (Krankina and Harmon 1995;Yin 1999;Chambers et al 2000;Liski et al 2003;Mackensen et al 2003;Yatskov et al 2003;Hood et al 2004;Laiho and Prescott 2004;Edman et al 2006;Liu et al 2006). On the associated and equally relevant function of wood-decaying fungi as recyclers of nutrients, we refer to the review of Laiho and Prescott (2004) for northern coniferous forests.…”

Section: Tree Species Region Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood-decaying fungi in the forest: conservation needs and management options

2007

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Wood-decaying fungi are essential for the functioning of forest ecosystems. They provide habitat for many other organisms and enable the regeneration of forests throughout the world. Since wood decomposition is a decisive process in nutrient recycling, soil formation and the carbon budget of forest ecosystems, it is receiving increasing attention from forest ecologists, pathologists and managers. Research has focussed on the factors driving the speciesrichness of wood-decomposing organisms and is moving on to analyse the eVects of this species-richness on ecosystem functioning. Coarse woody debris (CWD) and its associated wood-decaying organisms have been drastically reduced in abundance and diversity by forestry and so these features often have potential as conservation indicators. Protective measures at a landscape level are needed for threatened wood-inhabiting fungi. These include restricting salvage operations in windthrow stands, actively encouraging the accumulation of deadwood in forests, and facilitating decay in standing trees by inoculating them with fungi. Here, we aim to collect and summarize recently produced work on deadwood ecology, pointing out research gaps and perspectives.

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“…This may indicate that MnP is most important in the beginning of the decay process in F. sylvatica CWD, as the water content increased with ongoing decay. However, for respiration rates, both directions of response have been reported (Boddy 1983;Liu et al 2006;Progar et al 2000).…”

Section: Water Content Is An Important Determinant Of Extracellular Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

et al. 2015

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Lignin and its degradation, particularly in forest ecosystems, play a major role in the global carbon cycle. Filamentous fungi equipped with extracellular oxidoreductases (oxidative enzymes), i.e., laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidases and several other peroxidases, are the key players in the bioconversion of lignin. In particular, for coarse woody debris (CWD), this process is poorly understood and the activities of laccase and peroxidases have never been studied on a large field scale. We investigated the activities of these enzymes in 701 samples of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris CWD across three regions in Germany and analyzed their dependence on pH, water content, wood density, total lignin, organic extractives, metals, watersoluble lignin fragments and fungal species richness. Respective enzyme activities were present in 79 % of all samples, and the activities were highly variable and more frequent in F. sylvatica than in coniferous wood. Logistic regressions and correlations between enzyme activities and the variables revealed that the fungal community structure and the amount of water-soluble lignin fragments are most important determinants, and that the prevalent acidic pH in CWD is suitable to facilitate laccase and manganese peroxidase activities. Concentrations of metals (manganese, copper, iron) were sufficient to ensure synthesis and functioning of relevant enzymes. Based on this large field study, we conclude that laccase and peroxidases in CWD are highly relevant for lignin degradation, but the variable pattern of their secretion is the result of a complex array of wood parameters and the fungal community structure, which could only partly be resolved.

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Woody debris contribution to the carbon budget of selectively logged and maturing mid-latitude forests

Cited by 56 publications

References 37 publications

Carbon budget recovery and role of coarse woody debris in post-logging forest ecosystems of Southern Siberia

Carbon budget recovery and role of coarse woody debris in post-logging forest ecosystems of Southern Siberia

Wood-decaying fungi in the forest: conservation needs and management options

Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

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