“…Second order SMC has been implemented in many systems [96][97][98][99][100][101] and for many machine types, e.g., DC motors [39,93,102], PMSM [103], induction motors [104] and induction generators [105,106]. For speed control of PMSM, SOSMC resulted in smaller output deviations, smaller convergence time of up to 66% and smaller chattering in comparison with first order SMC [94,107,108].…”