Decoupled fresh–saline groundwater circulation of a coastal carbonate aquifer: Spatial patterns of temperature and specific electrical conductivity

Beddows, Patricia A; Smart, Peter L.; Whitaker, Fiona F; Smith, Samantha L.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.08.013

Cited by 144 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A foraminiferan community dominated by Bolivina and Elphidium is consistent with these interpreted environmental conditions in the cave based on their modern ecology (Culver and Buzas 1981;Murray 2007). We hypothesize that foraminifera are transported into the flooded marine cave as propagules (Alve and Goldstein 2003) on coastal upwelling currents and are subsequently incorporated into the subsurface hydrologic circulation patterns (Moore et al 1992;Beddows et al 2007), as there are currently no known physical conduits connecting the cave to the ocean. Rare testate amoebae and freshwater ostracods found with the MA are either transported by water currents or physically move into the deep cave and die (e.g., A. vulgaris in S75).…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

Foraminifera and testate amoebae (thecamoebians) in an anchialine cave: Surface distributions from Aktun Ha (Carwash) cave system, Mexico

et al. 2009

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Abstract-Surface sediment samples from Aktun Ha (Carwash) cave system, Mexico, were analyzed for microfossils, carbonate isotopes, and organic matter content. Saline water flooded the cave during the Sangamon Interglacial highstand (124-119 kyr), hosting a marine assemblage dominated by saline foraminifera Bolivina sp. (73%) and Elphidium sp. (11%) with a mean d 13 C 5 25.5% and a mean d 18 O 5 22.7%. This assemblage was found distal to sinkholes (.75 m upstream, .150 m downstream) and in yellow-orange sediment (mean total organic carbon [TOC] 5 3.6%). Late Pleistocene (95-15 kyr) sea level fall reestablished vadose conditions in the cave, allowing for localized speleothem (flowstone) to seal in the marine assemblage. Holocene sea level rise completely reflooded the cave with freshwater by 6.5 kyr, providing a suitable habitat for a freshwater assemblage of living testate amoebae Centropyxis aculeata (<38%), Arcella vulgaris (<10%), and the foraminifer Ammonia tepida var. juvenile (<35%), with a mean d 13 C 5 210.8% and a mean d 18 O 5 24.9% on the ostracod Cytheridella ilosvayi. This assemblage was found proximal to sinkholes (,75 m upstream, ,150 m downstream) and in black to brown sediment (mean TOC 5 17.5%). Foraminifera and testate amoebae colonize aquatic cave environments, respond to physicochemical conditions in the cave similarly to other coastal settings, and thereby provide promise for the application of protists as proxies in flooded caves.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Foraminifera and testate amoebae (thecamoebians) in an anchialine cave: Surface distributions from Aktun Ha (Carwash) cave system, Mexico

et al. 2009

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“…The most common cenotes contain clear, homogeneously well-oxygenated water with a sandy bottom. Development is often the result of passage roof collapse, sometimes limiting water surface exposure (Beddows et al, most common type resulting in horizontal extensions (Beddows et al, 2007). Another common type is the "pit" cenote, typically from narrow conduits and the rock matrix.…”

Section: Geographic Climatic and Geologic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another common type is the "pit" cenote, typically from narrow conduits and the rock matrix. Horizontal extensions occur infrequently yielding short conduits 10-100s m (Beddows et al, 2007). Some less common cenotes are composed of of particulate organic carbon at the density interface.…”

Section: Geographic Climatic and Geologic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline physicochemical investigations on waters from three blue holes, San Salvador Island, Bahamas

Sampson¹,

Guilbeault²

2013

Studia UBB Geologia

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Abstract. Physicochemical parameters have been studied in the water column of Inkwell, Church, and Watling's Blue Holes (San Salvador Island, Bahamas). Water samples were collected from multiple depths at the three blue holes to identify and characterize changes of physical and chemical parameters. The values were compared to the average ocean concentrations in order to assess how connectivity to the ocean, evaporation, freshwater input, and Inkwell and Church blue holes are inferred from changes in the concentration of chloride. The degree of variation is a mixed signal resulting from changes of the precipitation/evaporation balance and tidal driven water-rock interaction.-) from 300 to 9591.8 mg/L, and total hardness (9 to 293 mg/L) within the mixing zone. This location is the only site that may have a true halocline. Watlings's geochemical parameters have the smallest range (i.e. Cl - Cl-values between surface and -2 m suggests mixing is occurring. The lack of other parameter variations within the SO4 2-) concentration at the same depth reach its maximum value (4009 mg/L). The high sulfate values throughout the column (2634 to 4009 mg/L) are characteristic of seawater (>2700 mg/L), thus indicating seawater seepage into the blue hole. We assume the elevated salinity values at the surface and -1 m are pointing towards evaporative processes.

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“…Even though GD supply occurs during the whole year in the Yucatan CL (Young et al, 2008), a noticeable spatial and temporal heterogeneity is observed on the volume discharged (Beddows et al, 2007). This could be somehow related to the characteristic disproportion on the annual precipitation across the Yucatan Peninsula (Valdes et al, 2005) and the spatial distribution of underground conduit systems, responsible for 99.7% of the GD flow (Worthington 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be somehow related to the characteristic disproportion on the annual precipitation across the Yucatan Peninsula (Valdes et al, 2005) and the spatial distribution of underground conduit systems, responsible for 99.7% of the GD flow (Worthington 2002). Beddows (2004) found evidence in the eastern Yucatan Peninsula of slightly higher cumulative freshwater outflow in a nearshore submarine spring during wet season than during dry season, as well as high-frequency variability of this discharge due to tidal forcing of the aquifer head: peak outflow velocity during neap tide and minimum outflow velocity on spring tide. Those high-and low-frequency signals are overlapped with the seasonal fluctuation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Responses of Phyloplankton Productivity to Water-Quality Variations in a Coastal Karst Ecosystem of the Yucatan Peninsula

Medina-Gómez

Herrera-Silveira

2009

goms

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Decoupled fresh–saline groundwater circulation of a coastal carbonate aquifer: Spatial patterns of temperature and specific electrical conductivity

Cited by 144 publications

References 54 publications

Foraminifera and testate amoebae (thecamoebians) in an anchialine cave: Surface distributions from Aktun Ha (Carwash) cave system, Mexico

Foraminifera and testate amoebae (thecamoebians) in an anchialine cave: Surface distributions from Aktun Ha (Carwash) cave system, Mexico

Baseline physicochemical investigations on waters from three blue holes, San Salvador Island, Bahamas

Seasonal Responses of Phyloplankton Productivity to Water-Quality Variations in a Coastal Karst Ecosystem of the Yucatan Peninsula

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