Decrease in exhaled hydrogen as marker of congestive heart failure

Shibata, Atsushi; Sugano, Yasuo; Shimouchi, Akito; Yokokawa, Tetsuro; Jinno, Naoya; Kanzaki, Hideaki; Ohta‐Ogo, Keiko; Ikeda, Yoshihiko; Okada, Hideshi; Aiba, Takeshi; Kusano, Kengo; Shirai, Masamitsu; Ishibashi‐Ueda, Hatsue; Yasuda, Satoshi; Ogawa, Hisao; Anzai, Toshihisa

doi:10.1136/openhrt-2018-000814

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Thus, given antibiotics for 4 days by mixing penicillin and streptomycin in the drinking water can reduce the H 2 concentration below the 1-ppm detection limit in the expired air of male C57BL/6J mice, and the infarct size was significantly higher in mice administered with antibiotics than that in antibiotics non-treated mice (Shinbo et al, 2013). Another clinical investigation recently revealed overnight change in H 2 concentration (ΔH 2 ) was significantly lower in patients with chronic heart failure compared with controls and was positively correlated with cardiac index (Shibata et al, 2018). Ostojic also proposed an idea that an impaired production of endogenous H 2 by intestinal microbiota might play a role in Parkinson disease pathogenesis (Ostojic, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Blocking TLR4-Mediated Cytokines Expression

et al. 2019

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Background and Purpose: Septic cardiomyopathy, which is one of the features of multi-organ dysfunction in sepsis, is characterized by ventricular dilatation, reduced ventricular contractility, and reduction in ejection fraction and, if severe, can lead to death. To date, there is no specific therapy that exists, and its treatment represents a large unmet clinical need. Herein, we investigated the effects and underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms of hydrogen gas in the setting of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocytes injury. Experimental Approach: Hydrogen gas was intraperitoneally injected to mice in LPS plus hydrogen group and hydrogen group for 4 days. On fourth, LPS was given by intraperitoneal injection to mice in LPS group and to mice in LPS plus hydrogen group. In addition, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with hydrogen-rich medium for 30 min before LPS. The transthoracic echocardiography was performed at 6 h post‐LPS to assess left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF%), fractional shortening (FS%), left ventricular mass average weight (LV mass AW), and LV mass AW (Corrected). The histological and morphological analyses of left ventricular were performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. The mRNA levels of ANP and BNP were examined by PCR in vitro . The expression of cytokines were assayed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and PCR. Moreover, Western blotting was performed to examine the expression of TLR4, the activation of ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and the expression of NF-κB in nucleus after 6 h of LPS challenge in vivo and in vitro . Key Results: LPS induced cardiac dysfunction; hydrogen therapy improved cardiac function after LPS challenge. Furthermore, pretreatment with hydrogen resulted in cardioprotection during septic cardiomyopathy via inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-18; suppressing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK; and reducing the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the expression of TLR4 by LPS. Conclusion and Implications: Hydrogen therapy prevents LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction in part via downregulation of TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Blocking TLR4-Mediated Cytokines Expression

et al. 2019

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“…This could be due to sample size differences since our study comprised 240 patients compared to only 12 of Jonderko et al In any case, H 2 range across different days was reduced (although not significantly) when looking in those tests performed at same time of day (less than 60 min apart), suggesting that at least some of the variability observed can be attributed to the time of the day the test is performed. Shibata et al 25 found in healthy controls slightly higher levels (an increase of 2 ppm) of fasting H 2 in the morning than before sleep the previous night. Related to this, we should consider that during the night there is a nocturnal hypoventilation that can cause these slightly elevated fasting levels of breath H 2 produced by persisting fermentable substrates in the colon 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Modification of baseline status to improve breath tests performance

Alegre

Sandúa

Calleja

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Breath tests used to evaluate carbohydrates malabsorption require baseline H2 and CH4 levels as low as possible. Test cancellation is recommended when exceeding certain cut-offs (H2 ≥ 20 ppm and CH4 ≥ 10 ppm). Although following preparation protocols, many patients have baseline levels above those cut-offs. We investigated if light walking can reduce baseline H2 and CH4 levels. We retrospectively analyzed baseline H2 and CH4 levels from 1552 breath tests. Baseline levels (B1), especially in H2, were lower when obtained at later hours of the day. In those with baseline levels above cut-off, re-sampling (B2) after light walking for one hour, decreased H2 levels 8 ppm (Q1–Q3: 1–18 ppm), and 2 ppm (Q1–Q3: 0–3 ppm) for CH4. Consequently, 40% of tests with elevated B1 levels, presented B2 levels below mentioned cut-offs. Ten percent of tests considered negative when using B1 for calculations, turned positive when using B2 instead. All positive tests when using B1 values, remained elevated when using B2. Re-sampling after light walking for one hour could allow test performance in those with previous elevated baseline levels, avoiding diagnosis delays. Using the second sample for delta calculations identifies positive patients for malabsorption that would have been considered negative.

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“…The lactose that cannot be degraded is not absorbed in the small intestine and is fermented by intestinal bacteria in the large intestine, and H 2 is produced. The produced H 2 is absorbed through the intestinal mucosa, dissolved into the blood, and diffused into the alveoli via the blood circulation, and some of it is expired in the exhaled air [12]. Lactose also irritates the large intestine, causing the abdominal symptoms of lactose intolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Milk on Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) Measurement by Portable CO Monitors

Miyoshi

Kurioka²,

Kawazoe

et al. 2022

J. Smok Cessat

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Background. A portable breath carbon monoxide (CO) monitor has a high cross-sensitivity to hydrogen (H2). This study examined the influences of H2 after consuming milk on the detected CO values using three types of portable CO monitors. Materials and Methods. Exhaled breath from seven participants (four healthy nonsmokers and three smokers with otherwise unknown comorbidities) was collected in sampling bags. The participants then consumed 200 mL of milk, and the exhaled breath of each was collected in separate bags every 30 minutes until 9 hours later. CO and H2 in the bag were measured using a gas chromatograph as a reference analyzer, and CO was also measured using three types of portable CO monitors. Results. After consuming milk, H2 levels were significantly higher, and CO levels were not significantly elevated as measured by the reference analyzer. However, CO levels in monitors A and B were significantly elevated, even though participants did not smoke. The H2 levels in the reference analyzer significantly increased and reached a maximum 4.5 hours after consuming milk. The difference in CO levels between the reference analyzer and each monitor increased significantly after 5 or 5.5 hours. Conclusions. This study suggested that the breath CO monitors with a cross-sensitivity to H2 responded to H2 as CO in the exhaled gas and measured higher than actual values after milk consumption. The extent of the influence of H2 differed depending on the type of CO monitor. It is necessary to consider milk consumption when assessing the smoking status of people using portable CO monitors.

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Decrease in exhaled hydrogen as marker of congestive heart failure

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

H2 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Blocking TLR4-Mediated Cytokines Expression

H2 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Blocking TLR4-Mediated Cytokines Expression

Modification of baseline status to improve breath tests performance

Influence of Milk on Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) Measurement by Portable CO Monitors

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