Decrease of coherence between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate with aging

Abstract

The study of coordinated behavior between different systems of the human body provides useful information on the functioning of the body. The peculiarities of interaction and coordinated dynamics of the heart rate and respiration are of particular interest. We investigated the coherence of the processes of respiration and autonomic control of the heart rate for people of different ages in the awake state, in sleep with rapid eye movement, and in deep sleep. Our analysis revealed a monotonic decrease in the coherence of these processes with increasing age. This can be explained by age-related changes in the system of autonomic control of circulation. For all age groups, we found a qualitatively similar dynamics of the coherence between the studied processes during a transition from the awake state to sleep.

Directional couplings between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate during sleep and wakefulness in healthy subjects at different ages

“…Moreover, the values of the directional coupling indices in different age groups take close values. It should be noted that a decrease in cardiorespiratory phase synchronization has been found in elderly subjects (Bliwise, 1993;Shiogai et al, 2010;Bartsch et al, 2012) and a decrease in coherence between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate with aging has been reported (Ponomarenko et al, 2021). Our results indicate that the mentioned effects of decrease in coherence and synchronization of the cardiac and respiratory systems during aging occur for reasons unrelated to the values of indices of directional coupling between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate.…”

“…Recently, we have shown the decrease of coherence between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate with aging in healthy subjects (Ponomarenko et al, 2021). The coherence between these processes depends on the stage of sleep (Ponomarenko et al, 2021).…”

“…The methods based on calculation of cross-spectral coherence (White and Boashash, 1990;Quian Quiroga et al, 2002) and detection of synchronization (Rosenblum et al, 1998;Schäfer et al, 1999;Mrowka et al, 2000;Pikovsky et al, 2001;Schelter et al, 2006a;Karavaev et al, 2009) helped to understand the cardiorespiratory interaction from a physiological point of view (Ivanov et al, 1998;Kantelhardt et al, 2002;Keener and Sneyd, 2009;Schumann et al, 2010). It has been shown that characteristics of the cardiorespiratory interaction change during sleep (Bunde et al, 2000;Kantelhardt et al, 2003;Bartsch et al, 2007;Schmitt et al, 2009;Schumann et al, 2010;Müller et al, 2014;Riedl et al, 2014;Karavaev et al, 2021) and during healthy aging (Bartsch et al, 2012;Ponomarenko et al, 2021), differ in newborns (Mrowka et al, 2000), and depend on the gender of the subjects (Shiogai et al, 2010). They can be used for predicting complications of cardiovascular diseases (Dougherty and Burr, 1992;Hohnloser et al, 1994;Ishbulatov et al, 2020) and help to understand the mechanism of neural control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (Sayers, 1973;Lown and Verrier, 1976;Akselrod et al, 1981; Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, 1996;Malberg et al, 2002;Prokhorov et al, 2005a;Karavaev et al, 2013;…”

The role of otolith reflexes in orthostatic intolerance

“…Many patients with these diagnoses also may present with peripheral vestibular dysfunction. As we consider the multifactorial contributions to orthostatic intolerance, it may be that the summation of various conditions and interactions between systems contribute to altered performance [11].…”

Vestibular-autonomic interactions: beyond orthostatic dizziness

“…Interesting new models further evaluate the interactions between various autonomic reflex pathways and aging, particularly for disease processes associated with aging such as Parkinson's disease [68,69]. Ponomareko et al [70 ] described the effect of aging on the respiratory and cardiovascular reflexes as a measure of coherence between the two systems. The authors found that with age, the interaction between these two systems becomes dyssynchronous and may contribute to altered performance associated with aging.…”