Decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in fatty liver of diabetic subjects

Сингер, Петер; Honigmann, G; Schliack, V

doi:10.1016/s0161-4630(80)80004-8

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Noteworthy, this was associated with increased liver p‐Akt/Akt ratio, a component of intracellular insulin signaling pathway that acts as inducer of de novo lipogenesis, such findings that may be explained by the high insulin levels found in lipoatrophic mice . This enhanced de novo lipogenesis was associated with liver depletion of n ‐3 PUFA EPA and DHA, such a phenotype that is commonly found in the liver of cirrhotic, diabetic, and NAFLD patients and seems to be inversely related to hepatocyte lipid deposition, ballooning, and macrovesicular steatosis . Supporting this notion, intake of HFO increased liver content of EPA and DHA, inhibited FAS activity, and reduced hepatic steatosis and ballooning, indicating that n ‐3 fatty acids regulate lipid droplet formation and deposition in hepatocytes .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Lipoatrophy‐Associated Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis are Attenuated by Intake of Diet Rich in Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Moreira

Castro

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope: Glucose homeostasis and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatomegaly in severe lipoatrophic mice and their modulation by intake of a diet rich in omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids (HFO) are evaluated. Methods and results: Severe lipoatrophic mice induced by PPAR-deletion exclusively in adipocytes (A-PPAR KO) and littermate controls (A-PPAR WT)are evaluated for glucose homeostasis and liver mass, proteomics, lipidomics, inflammation, and fibrosis. Lipoatrophic mice are heavier than controls, severely glucose intolerant, and hyperinsulinemic, and develop NAFLD characterized by increased liver glycogen, triacylglycerol, and diacylglycerol contents, mitotic index, apoptosis, inflammation, steatosis score, fibrosis, and fatty acid synthase (FAS) content and activity. Lipoatrophic mice also display liver enrichment with monounsaturated in detriment of polyunsaturated fatty acids including n-3 fatty acids, and increased content of cardiolipin, a tetracyl phospholipid exclusively found at the mitochondria inner membrane. Administration of a high-fat diet rich in n-3 fatty acids (HFO) to lipoatrophic mice enriches liver with n-3 fatty acids, reduces hepatic steatosis, FAS content and activity, apoptosis, inflammation, and improves glucose homeostasis. Conclusion: Diet enrichment with n-3 fatty acids improves glucose homeostasis and reduces liver steatosis and inflammation without affecting hepatomegaly in severe lipoatrophic mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Lipoatrophy‐Associated Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis are Attenuated by Intake of Diet Rich in Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Moreira

Castro

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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show abstract

“…Interestingly, it has long been known that EPA can be found in low amounts in the fatty liver of diabetic patients [140]. A study carried out on myotubes prepared using cells obtained from obese type 2 diabetic patients have shown an impaired mitochondrial capacity for fatty acid and glucose oxidation.…”

Section: Activity Of Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Pufas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Microalgae as Functional Foods Applied to Mitochondria Protection and Healthy Aging Promotion

Zanella

Vianello

2023

Nutraceuticals

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The rapid aging of the Western countries’ populations makes increasingly necessary the promotion of healthy lifestyles in order to prevent/delay the onset of age-related diseases. The use of functional foods can significantly help to achieve this aim, thanks to the contribution of biologically active compounds suitable to protect cellular and metabolic homeostasis from damage caused by stress factors. Indeed, the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), favored by incorrect eating and behavioral habits, are considered causal elements of oxidative stress, which in turn favors tissue and organism aging. Microalgae represent a convenient and suitable functional food because of their extraordinary ability to concentrate various active compounds, comprising omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, sterols, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and others. Within cells, mitochondria are the cellular organelles most affected by the accumulation of molecular damage produced by oxidative stress. Since, in addition to producing the chemical energy for cellular metabolism, mitochondria control numerous cell cycle regulation processes, including intrinsic apoptosis, responses to inflammatory signals and other biochemical pathways, their dysfunction is considered decisive for many pathologies. Among these, some degenerative diseases of the nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidney function and even cancer are found. From this viewpoint, bioactive compounds of microalgae, in addition to possessing high antioxidant properties, can enhance mitochondrial functionality by modulating the expression of numerous protective factors and enzymes, which in turn regulate some essential biochemical pathways for the preservation of the functional integrity of the cell. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role played by microalgal compounds in the regulation of the mitochondrial life cycle, expression of protective and reparative enzymes, regulation of intrinsic apoptosis and modulation of some key biochemical pathways. Special attention was paid to the composition of some cultivable microalgae strains selected for their high content of active compounds suitable to protect and improve mitochondrial functions.

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Prevention of reperfusion injury and microcirculatory failure in macrosteatotic mouse liver by omega‐3 fatty acids†‡

et al. 2007

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Macrovesicular hepatic steatosis has a lower tolerance to reperfusion injury than microvesicular steatosis with an abnormally high ratio of omega-6 (n-6): omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). We investigated the influence of PUFAs on microcirculation in steatotic livers and the potential to minimize reperfusion injury in the macrosteatotic liver by normalization of PUFAs. Ob/ob mice were used as a model of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis and C57/Bl6 mice fed a choline-deficient diet for microvesicular steatosis. Steatotic and lean livers were subjected to 45 minutes of ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion. Hepatic content of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs was determined. Microcirculation was investigated using intravital fluorescence microscopy. A second group of ob/ob mice was supplemented with dietary omega-3 PUFAs and compared with the control diet-fed group. Microcirculation, AST, and Kupffer cell activity were assessed. Macrosteatotic livers had significant microcirculatory dysfunction correlating with high omega-6: omega-3 PUFA ratio. Dietary omega-3 PUFA resulted in normalization of this ratio, reduction of intrahepatic lipids, and decrease in the extent of macrosteatosis. Defective microcirculation was dramatically ameliorated with significant reduction in Kupffer cell activity and protection against hepatocellular injury both before ischemia and after reperfusion. Conclusion: Macrosteatotic livers disclosed an abnormal omega-6: omega-3 PUFA ratio that correlates with a microcirculatory defect that enhanced reperfusion injury. Thus, protective strategies applied during or after ischemia are unlikely to be useful. Preoperative dietary omega-3 PUFAs protect macrosteatotic livers against reperfusion injury and might represent a valuable method to expand the live liver donor pool. (

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Decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in fatty liver of diabetic subjects

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Lipoatrophy‐Associated Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis are Attenuated by Intake of Diet Rich in Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Lipoatrophy‐Associated Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis are Attenuated by Intake of Diet Rich in Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Potential of Microalgae as Functional Foods Applied to Mitochondria Protection and Healthy Aging Promotion

Prevention of reperfusion injury and microcirculatory failure in macrosteatotic mouse liver by omega‐3 fatty acids†‡

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