Radiotherapy is one of important approaches for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. However, many studies have shown that radiation can also enhance the ability of tumor cells metastasis, although the lung adenocarcinoma could be killed. The increased metastasis induced by radiation is associated with the activation of STAT3 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Based on the importance role of STAT3 in cell proliferation and survival, we can construct an adenovirus vector of PIAS3 overexpress driven by radiation-induced promoter to inhibit the activation of STAT3 specifically. In this way, when STAT3 was activated by radiation, the expression of PIAS3 will be increased at the same time; this lead to the inhibition of invasion and metastasis caused by STAT3 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. These researches are expected to develop a novel target and method for radiotherapy and molecular therapy of lung adenocarcinoma. [9], although the tumor cells can be killed. Radiation was found to activate the phosphorylation of STAT3 which resulted in the increase of invasion of A549 cells [9]. By using special inhibitor to block radiation-induced STAT3 activation, the increase of invasion and migration of A549 cell induced by radiation can be reduced significantly [10]. All above comes down to one point: STAT3 plays a key role in radiation-induced invasion and metastasis and is a potential target of therapy in lung adenocarcinoma.
Keywords
PIAS3-Specific STAT3 Inhibitor ProteinPIAS3 (protein inhibitor of activated STAT3) is one of PIAS (including PIAS1, PIAS2, PIAS3 and PIAS4) family members, which can inhibit STAT3 specifically [11]. As an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3, PISA3 is expressed at high level in many normal human tissues and cells, while shows a very low level or even no expression in the tumor tissues and cells. Dabric [12] found that protein expression with PIAS3 is in a low level which affected survival upon mesothelioma patients and indicated PIAS3 as having potential for development into a novel therapeutic target. When the expression of PISA3 has been silenced, the activity of STAT3 increased continuously, which resulted in the significant increasing of growth and proliferation of tumor. Our group study showed that the expression of PISA3 is in a low level, and is not affected by γ-ray radiation. As the radiation-induced activation of STAT3 plays an important role on invasion and metastasis of A549 cells, it can be inferred that PIAS3 also played a prominent role in the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells via STAT3.
PIG3-Radiation Sensitive GenePIG3, one of PIG family members regulated by p53 protein, participated in oxidative stress of cells and cell apoptosis pathway mediated by radiation. Our study group has drawn a conclusion that the expressions of PIG3 in mRNA and protein level were enhanced 15 to 20 times by radiation in a dose-dependent manner from 0 to 10 Gy. Other group also discovered that the PIG3 gene expression was enhanced by radiation in AHH-1 and HPBL cells [13]. These results demonstr...